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Sub-Saharan Africa / NGA

Nigeria

Nigeria flag
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2021 Factbook flag mirror; image identity has not been individually audited. Source.

Last updated: October 29, 2026

World Bank directory: capital Abuja · 9.05804°, 7.48906° · sourceRetrieved 2026-10-29 · single source, unverified; directory metadata may be stale.
Nigeria: CIA World Factbook map from 2021; original boundary notes preserved.
ⓘCIA World Factbook map, February 2021 media edition. Identity reviewed; current boundaries have not been audited. visual contact sheet or original identity check; does not verify current boundaries Boundaries, place names and designations may be dated or disputed; original annotations retained. SHA-256: 482b1746cd264b638d13a37d4adba638859f08e2a8e288203a08e528b06177c8. Provenance and inspection record.

Introduction

Background:1

In ancient and pre-colonial times, the area of present-day Nigeria was occupied by a variety of ethnic groups with different languages and traditions. These included large Islamic kingdoms such as Borno, Kano, and the Sokoto Caliphate dominating the north, the Benin and Oyo Empires that controlled much of modern western Nigeria, and more decentralized political entities and city states in the south and southeast. In 1914, the British amalgamated their separately administered northern and southern territories into a Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria.

Nigeria achieved independence from Britain in 1960 and transitioned to a federal republic with three constituent states in 1963 under President Nnamdi AZIKIWE. This structure served to enflame regional and ethnic tension, contributing to a bloody coup led by predominately southeastern military officers in 1966 and a countercoup later that year masterminded by northern officers. In the aftermath of this tension, the governor of Nigeria’s Eastern Region, centered on the southeast, declared the region independent as the Republic of Biafra. The ensuring civil war (1967-1970), resulted in more than a million deaths, many from starvation. While the war forged a stronger Nigerian state and national identity, it contributed to long-lasting mistrust of the southeast’s predominantly Igbo population. Wartime military leader Yakubu GOWON ruled until a bloodless coup by frustrated junior officers in 1975. This generation of officers, including Olusegun OBASANJO, Ibrahim BABANGIDA, and Muhammadu BUHARI, who would all later serve as president, continue to exert significant influence in Nigeria to the present day.

Military rule predominated until the first durable transition to civilian government and adoption of a new constitution in 1999. The elections of 2007 marked the first civilian-to-civilian transfer of power in the country's history. National and state elections in 2011 and 2015 were generally regarded as credible. The 2015 election was also heralded for the fact that the then-umbrella opposition party, the All Progressives Congress, defeated the long-ruling (since 1999) People's Democratic Party and assumed the presidency, marking the first peaceful transfer of power from one party to another. Presidential and legislative elections in 2019 and 2023 were deemed broadly free and fair despite voting irregularities, intimidation, and violence. The government of Africa's most populous nation continues to face the daunting task of institutionalizing democracy and reforming a petroleum-based economy whose revenues have been squandered through decades of corruption and mismanagement. In addition, Nigeria faces increasing violence from Islamic terrorism, largely in the northeast, large scale criminal banditry, secessionist violence in the southeast, and competition over land and resources nationwide.

Geography

Location:2

Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon

Geographic coordinates:3

10 00 N, 8 00 E

Map references:4

Africa

Area:5

Surface area: 923,768 square kilometers (2024)

total:923,768 sq km
land:910,768 sq km
water:13,000 sq km

Area - comparative:7

about six times the size of Georgia; slightly more than twice the size of California

Land boundaries:8

total:4,477 km
border countries (4):Benin 809 km; Cameroon 1,975 km; Chad 85 km; Niger 1,608 km

Coastline:9

853 km

Maritime claims:10

territorial sea:12 nm
exclusive economic zone:200 nm
continental shelf:200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Climate:11

varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north

Terrain:12

southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north

Elevation:13

highest point:Chappal Waddi 2,419 m
lowest point:Atlantic Ocean 0 m
mean elevation:380 m

Natural resources:14

natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land

Land use:15

agricultural land:76.2% (2023 est.)
arable land:40.5% (2023 est.)
permanent crops:8.1% (2023 est.)
permanent pasture:27.6% (2023 est.)
forest:19.1% (2023 est.)
other:4.7% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land:16

2,188 sq km (2017)

Major lakes (area sq km):17

fresh water lake(s):Lake Chad (endorheic lake shared with Niger, Chad, and Cameroon) - 10,360-25,900 sq km
fresh water lake(s):note - area varies by season and year to year

Major rivers (by length in km):18

Niger river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Niger) - 4,200 km

note:[s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth

Major watersheds (area sq km):19

Atlantic Ocean drainage:Niger (2,261,741 sq km)
Internal (endorheic basin) drainage:Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km)

Major aquifers:20

Lake Chad Basin, Lullemeden-Irhazer Aquifer System

Population distribution:21

largest population of any African nation; significant population clusters are scattered throughout the country, with the highest density areas being in the south and southwest, as shown in this population distribution map

Natural hazards:22

periodic droughts; flooding

Geography - note:23

the Niger River enters the country in the northwest and flows southward through tropical rainforests and swamps to its delta in the Gulf of Guinea

People and Society

Population:24

Population: 237,527,782 people (2025)

total:236,747,130 (2024 est.)
male:119,514,449
female:117,232,681

Nationality:26

noun:Nigerian(s)
adjective:Nigerian

Ethnic groups:27

Hausa 30%, Yoruba 15.5%, Igbo (Ibo) 15.2%, Fulani 6%, Tiv 2.4%, Kanuri/Beriberi 2.4%, Ibibio 1.8%, Ijaw/Izon 1.8%, other 24.9% (2018 est.)

note:Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups

Languages:28

English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani, over 500 additional indigenous languages

Religions:29

Muslim 53.5%, Roman Catholic 10.6%, other Christian 35.3%, other 0.6% (2018 est.)

Age structure:30

0-14 years:40.4% (male 48,856,606/female 46,770,810)
15-64 years:56.2% (male 66,897,900/female 66,187,584)
65 years and over:3.4% (2024 est.) (male 3,759,943/female 4,274,287)

Dependency ratios:31

total dependency ratio:77.9 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio:71.9 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio:6 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio:16.6 (2024 est.)

Median age:32

total:19.3 years (2024 est.)
male:19.1 years
female:19.6 years

Population growth rate:33

Population growth rate: 2.06 % annually (2025)

2.52% (2024 est.)

Birth rate:35

Crude birth rate: 32.49 births per 1,000 people (2024)

33.8 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Death rate:37

Crude death rate: 11.64 deaths per 1,000 people (2024)

8.4 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Net migration rate:39

-0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Population distribution:40

largest population of any African nation; significant population clusters are scattered throughout the country, with the highest density areas being in the south and southwest, as shown in this population distribution map

Urbanization:41

Urban population: 63.78 % of population (2025)

urban population:54.3% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization:3.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population:43

15.946 million Lagos, 4.348 million Kano, 3.875 million Ibadan, 3.840 million ABUJA (capital), 3.480 million Port Harcourt, 1.905 million Benin City (2023)

Sex ratio:44

at birth:1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years:1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years:1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over:0.88 male(s)/female
total population:1.02 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth:45

20.4 years (2018 est.)

note:data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49

Maternal mortality ratio:46

Maternal mortality ratio: 993 deaths per 100,000 live births (2023)

993 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate:48

Infant mortality rate: 69.8 deaths per 1,000 live births (2024)

total:53.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
male:58.9 deaths/1,000 live births
female:48.2 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth:50

Life expectancy at birth: 54.64 years (2024)

total population:62.2 years (2024 est.)
male:60.4 years
female:64.2 years

Total fertility rate:52

Total fertility rate: 4.38 births per woman (2024)

4.52 children born/woman (2024 est.)

Gross reproduction rate:54

2.19 (2024 est.)

Drinking water source:55

At least basic drinking water services: 82.25 % of population (2024)

improved
urban:93.7% of population (2022 est.)
rural:63.5% of population (2022 est.)
total:79.6% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved
urban:6.3% of population (2022 est.)
rural:36.5% of population (2022 est.)
total:20.4% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure:57

Current health expenditure: 4.19 % of GDP (2023)

Health expenditure (as % of GDP):4.1% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget):4.3% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density:59

Physicians: 0.38 per 1,000 people (2023)

0.38 physicians/1,000 population (2023)

Sanitation facility access:61

At least basic sanitation services: 47.9 % of population (2024)

improved
urban:81.9% of population (2022 est.)
rural:41.1% of population (2022 est.)
total:62.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved
urban:18.1% of population (2022 est.)
rural:58.9% of population (2022 est.)
total:37.1% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate:63

8.9% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita:64

total:4.49 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer:0.73 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine:0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits:0.4 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols:3.27 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use:65

total:2.6% (2025 est.)
male:4.8% (2025 est.)
female:0.3% (2025 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight:66

24.4% (2021 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49):67

66.2% (2023 est.)

Child marriage:68

women married by age 15:12.3% (2021)
women married by age 18:30.3% (2021)
men married by age 18:1.6% (2021)
note:due to prolonged insecurity concerns, some parts of states, including Borno state, were not sampled

Education expenditure:69

Government education expenditure: 0.32 % of GDP (2023)

Education expenditure (% GDP):0.3% of GDP (2023 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget):3% national budget (2024 est.)

Literacy:71

Adult literacy rate: 70.41 % of people aged 15 and over (2024)

total population:63.2% (2021 est.)
male:73.7% (2021 est.)
female:53.3% (2021 est.)

Environment

Environmental issues:73

urban air and water pollution; rapid deforestation; soil degradation; loss of arable land; water, air, and soil pollution from oil spills

International environmental agreements:74

party to:Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified:Tropical Timber 2006

Climate:75

varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north

Land use:76

agricultural land:76.2% (2023 est.)
arable land:40.5% (2023 est.)
permanent crops:8.1% (2023 est.)
permanent pasture:27.6% (2023 est.)
forest:19.1% (2023 est.)
other:4.7% (2023 est.)

Urbanization:77

urban population:54.3% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization:3.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions:78

total emissions:114.397 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from coal and metallurgical coke:2.962 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids:72.425 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from consumed natural gas:39.01 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions:79

56 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Methane emissions:80

energy:2,794.3 kt (2022-2024 est.)
agriculture:1,991.9 kt (2019-2021 est.)
waste:729.4 kt (2019-2021 est.)
other:362.7 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Waste and recycling:81

municipal solid waste generated annually:27.615 million tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled:4.7% (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal:82

municipal:5 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
industrial:1.965 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
agricultural:5.51 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total renewable water resources:83

286.2 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Government

Country name:84

conventional long form:Federal Republic of Nigeria
conventional short form:Nigeria
etymology:named for the Niger River that flows through the west of the country to the Atlantic Ocean; the name of the river probably comes from the local Tuareg name, egereou n-igereouen (big rivers)

Government type:85

federal presidential republic

Capital:86

name:Abuja
geographic coordinates:9 05 N, 7 32 E
time difference:UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology:the newly built city of Abuja replaced Lagos as the capital city in 1991; Abuja takes its name from a nearby town, now renamed Suleja, that was named after Abu JA ("Abu the Red") in 1828

Administrative divisions:87

36 states and 1 territory*; Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Federal Capital Territory*, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nasarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara

Legal system:88

mixed system of English common law, Islamic law (in 12 northern states), and traditional law

Constitution:89

history:several previous; latest adopted 5 May 1999, effective 29 May 1999
amendment process:proposed by the National Assembly; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of both houses and approval by the Houses of Assembly of at least two thirds of the states; amendments to constitutional articles on the creation of a new state, fundamental constitutional rights, or constitution-amending procedures requires at least four-fifths majority vote by both houses of the National Assembly and approval by the Houses of Assembly in at least two thirds of the states; passage of amendments limited to the creation of a new state require at least two-thirds majority vote by the proposing National Assembly house and approval by the Houses of Assembly in two thirds of the states

International law organization participation:90

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship:91

citizenship by birth:no
citizenship by descent only:at least one parent must be a citizen of Nigeria
dual citizenship recognized:yes
residency requirement for naturalization:15 years

Suffrage:92

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch:93

chief of state:President Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU (since 29 May 2023)
head of government:President Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU (since 29 May 2023)
cabinet:Federal Executive Council appointed by the president but constitutionally required to include at least one member from each of the 36 states
election/appointment process:president directly elected by qualified-majority popular vote with at least 25% of the votes cast in 24 of Nigeria's 36 states; president elected for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term)
most recent election date:25 February 2023
election results
election results:Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU elected president; percent of vote - Bola Ahmed Adekunle TINUBU (APC) 36.6%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 29.1%, Peter OBI (LP) 25.4%, Rabiu KWANKWASO (NNPP) 6.4%, other 2.5%
election results:Muhammadu BUHARI elected president; percent of vote - Muhammadu BUHARI (APC) 53%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 39%, other 8%
expected date of next election:27 February 2027
note:the president is chief of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces

Legislative branch:94

legislature name:National Assembly
legislative structure:bicameral

Legislative branch - lower chamber:95

chamber name:House of Representatives
number of seats:360 (all directly elected)
electoral system:plurality/majority
scope of elections:full renewal
term in office:4 years
most recent election date:2/25/2023
parties elected and seats per party:All Progressives Congress (APC) (180); People's Democratic Party (PDP) (116); Labour Party (LP) (35); New Nigeria Peoples Party (NNPP) (19); Other (10)
percentage of women in chamber:4.2%
expected date of next election:February 2027

Legislative branch - upper chamber:96

chamber name:Senate
number of seats:109 (all directly elected)
electoral system:plurality/majority
scope of elections:full renewal
term in office:4 years
most recent election date:2/25/2023
parties elected and seats per party:All Progressives Congress (APC) (59); People's Democratic Party (PDP) (36); Labour Party (LP) (8); Other (6)
percentage of women in chamber:3.7%
expected date of next election:February 2027

Judicial branch:97

highest court(s):Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 15 justices)
judge selection and term of office:judges appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the National Judicial Council, a 23-member independent body of federal and state judicial officials; judge appointments confirmed by the Senate; judges serve until age 70
subordinate courts:Court of Appeal; Federal High Court; High Court of the Federal Capital Territory; Sharia Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; Customary Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; state court system similar in structure to federal system

Political parties:98

Accord Party or ACC

Africa Democratic Congress or ADC

All Progressives Congress or APC

All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA

Labor Party or LP

New Nigeria People’s Party or NNPP

Peoples Democratic Party or PDP

Young Progressive Party or YPP

Diplomatic representation in the US:99

chief of mission:Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Samson Sunday ITEGBOJE (since 22 October 2024)
chancery:3519 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:[1] (202) 800-7201 (ext. 100)
FAX:[1] (202) 362-6541
email address and website
email address and website:info@nigeriaembassyusa.org
email address and website:https://www.nigeriaembassyusa.org/
consulate(s) general:Atlanta, New York

Diplomatic representation from the US:100

chief of mission:Ambassador Richard MILLS, Jr. (since 25 July 2024)
embassy:Plot 1075 Diplomatic Drive, Central District Area, Abuja
mailing address:8320 Abuja Place, Washington DC 20521-8320
telephone:[234] (9) 461-4000
FAX:[234] (9) 461-4036
email address and website
email address and website:AbujaACS@state.gov
email address and website:https://ng.usembassy.gov/
consulate(s) general:Lagos

International organization participation:101

ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, CD, D-8, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MINURSO, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Independence:102

1 October 1960 (from the UK)

National holiday:103

Independence Day (National Day), 1 October (1960)

Flag:104

description:three equal vertical bands of green (left side), white, and green
meaning:green stands for the country's forests and natural resources, and white for peace and unity

National symbol(s):105

eagle

National color(s):106

green, white

National anthem(s):107

title:"Nigeria, We Hail Thee"
lyrics/music:Lillie Jean WILLIAMS/Frances BERDA
history:adopted 2024
note:Parliament voted in 2024 to revert to the former national anthem used from 1960 to 1978

National heritage:108

total World Heritage Sites:2 (both cultural)
selected World Heritage Site locales:Sukur Cultural Landscape; Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove

Economy

Economic overview:109

largest African market economy; enormous but mostly lower middle income labor force; major oil exporter; key telecommunications and finance industries; susceptible to global energy price shocks; regional leader in critical infrastructure; primarily agrarian employment

Real GDP (purchasing power parity):110

$1.318 trillion (2024 est.)

$1.275 trillion (2023 est.)

$1.239 trillion (2022 est.)

note:data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP growth rate:111

3.4% (2024 est.)

2.9% (2023 est.)

3.3% (2022 est.)

note:annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP per capita:112

$5,700 (2024 est.)

$5,600 (2023 est.)

$5,600 (2022 est.)

note:data in 2021 dollars

GDP (official exchange rate):113

GDP: 290,794,361,542.11 current US dollars (2025)

$187.76 billion (2024 est.)

note:data in current dollars at official exchange rate

Inflation rate (consumer prices):115

33.2% (2024 est.)

24.7% (2023 est.)

18.8% (2022 est.)

note:annual % change based on consumer prices

GDP - composition, by sector of origin:116

agriculture:20.4% (2024 est.)
industry:29.6% (2024 est.)
services:47% (2024 est.)
note:figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Agricultural products:117

cassava, yams, maize, oil palm fruit, rice, taro, bananas, vegetables, sorghum, groundnuts (2023)

note:top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Industries:118

crude oil, coal, tin, columbite; rubber products, wood; hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel

Industrial production growth rate:119

2.4% (2024 est.)

note:annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Labor force:120

113.35 million (2024 est.)

note:number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Unemployment rate:121

3% (2024 est.)

3.1% (2023 est.)

3.9% (2022 est.)

note:% of labor force seeking employment

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24):122

total:5.1% (2024 est.)
male:3.7% (2024 est.)
female:6.5% (2024 est.)
note:% of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Population below poverty line:123

40.1% (2018 est.)

note:% of population with income below national poverty line

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income:124

35.1 (2018 est.)

note:index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

Average household expenditures:125

on food:59.3% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
on alcohol and tobacco:0.9% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share:126

lowest 10%:2.9% (2018 est.)
highest 10%:26.7% (2018 est.)
note:% share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

Remittances:127

11.3% of GDP (2024 est.)

5.4% of GDP (2023 est.)

4.2% of GDP (2022 est.)

note:personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Budget:128

revenues:$37.298 billion (2019 est.)
expenditures:$59.868 billion (2019 est.)

Public debt:129

19.6% of GDP (2016 est.)

Current account balance:130

$17.215 billion (2024 est.)

$6.423 billion (2023 est.)

$1.019 billion (2022 est.)

note:balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Exports:131

$57.536 billion (2024 est.)

$60.261 billion (2023 est.)

$69.091 billion (2022 est.)

note:balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

Exports - partners:132

USA 10%, Spain 9%, France 8%, Netherlands 7%, India 6% (2023)

note:top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Exports - commodities:133

crude petroleum, natural gas, gold, fertilizers, cocoa beans (2023)

note:top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports:134

$57.73 billion (2024 est.)

$65.423 billion (2023 est.)

$77.049 billion (2022 est.)

note:balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

Imports - partners:135

China 26%, Singapore 14%, Belgium 8%, India 6%, USA 4% (2023)

note:top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Imports - commodities:136

refined petroleum, tanks and armored vehicles, wheat, plastics, cars (2023)

note:top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:137

$38.612 billion (2024 est.)

$32.035 billion (2023 est.)

$35.564 billion (2022 est.)

note:holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Debt - external:138

$45.009 billion (2023 est.)

note:present value of external debt in current US dollars

Exchange rates:139

Currency:nairas (NGN) per US dollar -

1,478.965 (2024 est.)

645.194 (2023 est.)

425.979 (2022 est.)

401.152 (2021 est.)

358.811 (2020 est.)

Energy

Electricity access:140

electrification - total population:60.5% (2022 est.)
electrification - urban areas:89%
electrification - rural areas:27%

Electricity:141

installed generating capacity:4.094 million kW (2023 est.)
consumption:34.135 billion kWh (2023 est.)
exports:2.4 billion kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses:5.974 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources:142

fossil fuels:77.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
solar:0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
hydroelectricity:22.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
biomass and waste:0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Coal:143

production:1.322 million metric tons (2023 est.)
consumption:1.326 million metric tons (2023 est.)
exports:17 metric tons (2023 est.)
imports:600 metric tons (2023 est.)
proven reserves:2.144 billion metric tons (2023 est.)

Petroleum:144

total petroleum production:1.514 million bbl/day (2023 est.)
refined petroleum consumption:527,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
crude oil estimated reserves:36.89 billion barrels (2021 est.)

Natural gas:145

production:38.248 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
consumption:19.885 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
exports:16.324 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
proven reserves:5.761 trillion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Energy consumption per capita:146

Total energy consumption per capita 2023:7.993 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Communications

Telephones - fixed lines:147

total subscriptions:112,000 (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:(2023 est.) less than 1

Telephones - mobile cellular:148

total subscriptions:224 million (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:102 (2022 est.)

Broadcast media:149

nearly 70 federal government-controlled national and regional TV stations; all 36 states operate TV stations; several private TV stations; cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; network of federal government-controlled national, regional, and state radio stations; roughly 40 state government-owned radio stations; about 20 private radio stations; transmissions of international broadcasters are available; transition to digital completed in three states in 2018 (2019)

Internet country code:150

.ng

Internet users:151

percent of population:39% (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions:152

total:117,000 (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:(2023 est.) less than 1

Transportation

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix:153

5N

Airports:154

50 (2025)

Heliports:155

15 (2025)

Railways:156

total:3,798 km (2014)
standard gauge:293 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge
narrow gauge:3,505 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge
note:as of the end of 2018, there were only six operational locomotives in Nigeria primarily used for passenger service; the majority of the rail lines are in a severe state of disrepair and need to be replaced

Merchant marine:157

total:928 (2023)
by type:general cargo 23, oil tanker 128, other 777

Ports:158

total ports:28 (2024)
large:2
medium:1
small:1
very small:24
ports with oil terminals:23
key ports:Antan Oil Terminal, Bonny, Lagos, Pennington Oil Terminal

Military and Security

Military and security forces:159

Armed Forces of Nigeria (AFN): Nigerian Army, Nigerian Navy (includes Coast Guard), Nigerian Air Force

Ministry of Interior: Nigeria Security and Civil Defense Corps (NSCDC); Ministry of Police Affairs: Nigeria Police Force (NPF) (2025)

note 1:the NSCDC is a paramilitary agency commissioned to assist the military in the management of threats to internal security, including attacks and natural disasters
note 2:some states have created local security forces in response to increased violence, insecurity, and criminality that have exceeded the response capacity of federal government security forces, but official security forces remained the constitutional prerogative of the federal government; in 2023, the federal government began deploying thousands of "agro rangers" across 19 states and the Federal Capital Territory to help safeguard farmland and mediate conflicts, especially in areas hit by farmer-herder clashes

Military expenditures:160

0.6% of GDP (2024)

0.7% of GDP (2023 est.)

0.6% of GDP (2022 est.)

0.6% of GDP (2021 est.)

0.6% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military and security service personnel strengths:161

information varies; estimated 140,000 active Armed Forces (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions:162

the military's inventory consists of a wide variety of imported weapons systems of Chinese, European, Middle Eastern, Russian (including Soviet-era), and US origin; the military is undergoing a modernization program, and in recent years has received equipment from a range of suppliers, including Brazil, China, France, Italy, Russia, South Korea, Turkey, and the US; Nigeria is also developing a defense-industry capacity, including small arms, armored personnel vehicles, and small-scale naval production (2025)

Military service age and obligation:163

18-25 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women; no conscription (2025)

Military deployments:164

180 Sudan/South Sudan (UNISFA); 200 Gambia (ECOWAS); 150 Guinea-Bissau (ECOWAS) (2025)

note:Nigeria has committed an Army combat brigade (approximately 3,000 troops) to the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF), a regional counter-terrorism force comprised of troops from Benin, Cameroon, Chad, and Niger; MNJTF conducts operations against Boko Haram and other terrorist groups operating in the general area of the Lake Chad Basin and along Nigeria's northeast border; national MNJTF troop contingents are deployed within their own country territories, although cross‐border operations are conducted periodically

Military - note:165

the Nigerian military is responsible for defending against external aggression, maintaining the country's territorial integrity, securing national borders, participating in international peacekeeping and other security missions, suppressing insurrection, and aiding civil authorities in restoring order, as well as other duties such as providing humanitarian assistance; its primary concerns are internal and maritime security; in the northeast part of the country, the military is conducting operations against the Boko Haram (BH) and Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham in West Africa (ISIS-WA) terrorist groups, where it has deployed as many as 70,000 troops at times and terrorist-related violence has killed an estimated 35-40,000 people, mostly civilians, since 2009; in the northwest, the military faces threats from criminal gangs--locally referred to as bandits--and violence associated with long-standing farmer-herder conflicts, as well as BH and ISIS-WA terrorists; the military also continues to protect the oil industry in the Niger Delta region against militants and criminal activity and since 2021, has deployed troops alongside other security forces to quell renewed agitation in the state of Biafra; maritime security concerns include piracy and the protection of natural resources in the Gulf of Guinea

the Nigerian military traces its origins to the Nigeria Regiment of the West African Frontier Force (WAFF), a multi-regiment force formed by the British colonial office in 1900 to garrison Great Britain's West African colonies; the WAFF (the honorary title "Royal" was added later) served in both World Wars; in 1956, the Nigeria Regiment of the Royal WAFF was renamed the Nigerian Military Forces (NMF) and in 1958, the colonial government of Nigeria took over control of the NMF from the British War Office; the Nigerian Armed Forces were established following independence in 1960 (2025)

Space

Space agency/agencies:166

National Space Research and Development Agency (NARSDA; established 1999); Defense Space Administration (DSA; established 2014) (2025)

note:NARSDA originated from the National Centre for Remote Sensing, the National Committee on Space Applications (both established in 1987), and the Directorate of Science (established 1993)

Space program overview:167

has a national space program that focuses on acquiring satellites for agricultural and environmental applications, meteorology, mining and disaster monitoring, security, and socio-economic development; designs, builds (mostly with foreign assistance), and operates satellites; processes overhead imagery data for analysis and sharing; developing additional capabilities in satellite and satellite payload production, including remote sensing technologies; has a sounding rocket program for researching rockets and rocket propulsion, with goal of launching domestically produced satellites into space from a Nigerian spaceport by 2030; works with a variety of foreign space agencies and industries, including those of Algeria, Bangladesh, Belarus, China, Ghana, India, Japan, Kenya, Mongolia, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey, the UK, the US, and Vietnam; has a government-owned satellite company and a small commercial aerospace sector (2025)

Key space-program milestones:168

2003 - first remote sensing (RS) microsatellite (NigeriaSat-1) built jointly with the UK and launched by Russia

2007 - first communications satellite (NigSatCom-1) built and launched by China (failed in orbit, 2008)

2011 - first domestically built remote sensing (RS) satellite (NigeriaSat-X) launched by Russia

2019 - inaugurated a geospatial data analysis center

2022 - signed US-led Artemis Accords for space exploration

2023 - first military reconnaissance RS satellite (DelSat-1) launched by China

Terrorism

Terrorist group(s):169

Boko Haram; Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham – West Africa; Jama’atu Ansarul Muslimina Fi Biladis-Sudan (Ansaru)

note:details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

Transnational Issues

Refugees and internally displaced persons:170

refugees:127,131 (2024 est.)
IDPs:3,709,022 (2024 est.)

Illicit drugs:171

USG identification
USG identification:major precursor-chemical producer (2025)

Additional observations

Real GDP growth172
4.01 % annual change (2025)
Consumer price inflation173
23.01 % annual change (2025)
Unemployment (modeled ILO estimate)174
3.06 % of labor force (2025)
Access to electricity175
62.5 % of population (2024)
Renewable energy share of total final energy consumption176
80.3 % (2021)
Individuals using the internet177
41.21 % of population (2024)

Historical observations

Notes & sources

  1. Background. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  2. Location. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  3. Geographic coordinates. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  4. Map references. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  5. Area. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. The archived total area has no reference year and territorial coverage may differ from World Bank surface area. World Bank: 923,768 square kilometers (2024). Reference: 923,768 square kilometers. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  6. Surface area. Surface area: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. The archived total area has no reference year and territorial coverage may differ from World Bank surface area. World Bank: 923,768 square kilometers (2024). Reference: 923,768 square kilometers. ↩
  7. Area - comparative. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  8. Land boundaries. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  9. Coastline. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  10. Maritime claims. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  11. Climate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  12. Terrain. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  13. Elevation. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  14. Natural resources. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  15. Land use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  16. Irrigated land. Reference edition; observation: 2017. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  17. Major lakes (area sq km). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  18. Major rivers (by length in km). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  19. Major watersheds (area sq km). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  20. Major aquifers. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  21. Population distribution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  22. Natural hazards. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  23. Geography - note. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  24. Population. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 237,527,782 people (2025). Reference: 236,747,130 people (2024). Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  25. Population. Population: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 237,527,782 people (2025). Reference: 236,747,130 people (2024). ↩
  26. Nationality. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  27. Ethnic groups. Reference edition; observation: 2018 est.. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  28. Languages. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  29. Religions. Reference edition; observation: 2018 est.. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  30. Age structure. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  31. Dependency ratios. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  32. Median age. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  33. Population growth rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  34. Population growth rate. Population growth rate: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  35. Birth rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  36. Crude birth rate. Crude birth rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  37. Death rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  38. Crude death rate. Crude death rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  39. Net migration rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  40. Population distribution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  41. Urbanization. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  42. Urban population. Urban population: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  43. Major urban areas - population. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  44. Sex ratio. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  45. Mother's mean age at first birth. Reference edition; observation: 2018. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  46. Maternal mortality ratio. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  47. Maternal mortality ratio. Maternal mortality ratio: observation 2023; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  48. Infant mortality rate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  49. Infant mortality rate. Infant mortality rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  50. Life expectancy at birth. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  51. Life expectancy at birth. Life expectancy at birth: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  52. Total fertility rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  53. Total fertility rate. Total fertility rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  54. Gross reproduction rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  55. Drinking water source. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  56. At least basic drinking water services. At least basic drinking water services: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. This separately sourced basic-service observation is shown alongside the reference edition’s improved/unimproved categories. It does not replace those category totals. ↩
  57. Health expenditure. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  58. Current health expenditure. Current health expenditure: observation 2023; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  59. Physician density. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  60. Physicians. Physicians: observation 2023; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  61. Sanitation facility access. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  62. At least basic sanitation services. At least basic sanitation services: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. This separately sourced basic-service observation is shown alongside the reference edition’s improved/unimproved categories. It does not replace those category totals. ↩
  63. Obesity - adult prevalence rate. Reference edition; observation: 2016. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  64. Alcohol consumption per capita. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  65. Tobacco use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  66. Children under the age of 5 years underweight. Reference edition; observation: 2021. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  67. Currently married women (ages 15-49). Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  68. Child marriage. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  69. Education expenditure. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  70. Government education expenditure. Government education expenditure: observation 2023; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  71. Literacy. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  72. Adult literacy rate. Adult literacy rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  73. Environmental issues. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  74. International environmental agreements. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  75. Climate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  76. Land use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  77. Urbanization. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  78. Carbon dioxide emissions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  79. Particulate matter emissions. Reference edition; observation: 2019. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  80. Methane emissions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  81. Waste and recycling. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  82. Total water withdrawal. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  83. Total renewable water resources. Reference edition; observation: 2022. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  84. Country name. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  85. Government type. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  86. Capital. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  87. Administrative divisions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  88. Legal system. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  89. Constitution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  90. International law organization participation. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  91. Citizenship. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  92. Suffrage. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  93. Executive branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  94. Legislative branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  95. Legislative branch - lower chamber. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  96. Legislative branch - upper chamber. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  97. Judicial branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  98. Political parties. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  99. Diplomatic representation in the US. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  100. Diplomatic representation from the US. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  101. International organization participation. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  102. Independence. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  103. National holiday. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  104. Flag. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  105. National symbol(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  106. National color(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  107. National anthem(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  108. National heritage. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  109. Economic overview. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  110. Real GDP (purchasing power parity). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  111. Real GDP growth rate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  112. Real GDP per capita. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  113. GDP (official exchange rate). Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 290,794,361,542.11 current US dollars (2025). Reference: 187,760,000,000 current US dollars (2024). Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  114. GDP. GDP: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 290,794,361,542.11 current US dollars (2025). Reference: 187,760,000,000 current US dollars (2024). ↩
  115. Inflation rate (consumer prices). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  116. GDP - composition, by sector of origin. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  117. Agricultural products. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  118. Industries. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  119. Industrial production growth rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  120. Labor force. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  121. Unemployment rate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  122. Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  123. Population below poverty line. Reference edition; observation: 2018. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  124. Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  125. Average household expenditures. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  126. Household income or consumption by percentage share. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  127. Remittances. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  128. Budget. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  129. Public debt. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  130. Current account balance. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  131. Exports. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  132. Exports - partners. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  133. Exports - commodities. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  134. Imports. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  135. Imports - partners. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  136. Imports - commodities. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  137. Reserves of foreign exchange and gold. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  138. Debt - external. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  139. Exchange rates. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  140. Electricity access. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  141. Electricity. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  142. Electricity generation sources. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  143. Coal. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  144. Petroleum. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  145. Natural gas. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  146. Energy consumption per capita. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  147. Telephones - fixed lines. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  148. Telephones - mobile cellular. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  149. Broadcast media. Reference edition; observation: 2019. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  150. Internet country code. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  151. Internet users. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  152. Broadband - fixed subscriptions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  153. Civil aircraft registration country code prefix. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  154. Airports. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  155. Heliports. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  156. Railways. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  157. Merchant marine. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  158. Ports. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  159. Military and security forces. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  160. Military expenditures. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  161. Military and security service personnel strengths. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  162. Military equipment inventories and acquisitions. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  163. Military service age and obligation. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  164. Military deployments. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  165. Military - note. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  166. Space agency/agencies. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  167. Space program overview. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  168. Key space-program milestones. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  169. Terrorist group(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  170. Refugees and internally displaced persons. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  171. Illicit drugs. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-09 09:41:17 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  172. Real GDP growth. Real GDP growth: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?format=json ↩
  173. Consumer price inflation. Consumer price inflation: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG?format=json ↩
  174. Unemployment (modeled ILO estimate). Unemployment (modeled ILO estimate): observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. The ILO modeled estimate is not necessarily directly comparable with national unemployment measures. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json ↩
  175. Access to electricity. Access to electricity: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS?format=json ↩
  176. Renewable energy share of total final energy consumption. Renewable energy share of total final energy consumption: observation 2021; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewable energy in total final energy consumption. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS?format=json ↩
  177. Individuals using the internet. Individuals using the internet: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS?format=json ↩
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Countries & territories

Same-year values. Equal values share a rank.

Sources & method

Ranks cover available countries and territories, using the same indicator, source unit and reference year. Unrounded source values determine ties. Coverage is not a sovereign-country or complete global ranking; national definitions may differ. Missing values and other years are excluded. The information icon preserves the original number, unit and evidence.

RankCountry or territoryValue
Source information