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Colombia

Colombia flag
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2021 Factbook flag mirror; image identity has not been individually audited. Source.

Last updated: October 29, 2026

World Bank directory: capital Bogota · 4.60987°, -74.082° · sourceRetrieved 2026-10-29 · single source, unverified; directory metadata may be stale.
Colombia: CIA World Factbook map from 2021; original boundary notes preserved.
ⓘCIA World Factbook map, February 2021 media edition. Identity reviewed; current boundaries have not been audited. visual contact sheet or original identity check; does not verify current boundaries Boundaries, place names and designations may be dated or disputed; original annotations retained. SHA-256: 8e7fbb057bab6671d0be39e4838a9612ca35c508a644ab4e427ebb6bb0e0c844. Provenance and inspection record.

Introduction

Background:1

Colombia was one of three countries that emerged after the dissolution of Gran Colombia in 1830 -- the others are Ecuador and Venezuela. A decades-long conflict among government forces, paramilitaries, and antigovernment insurgent groups heavily funded by the drug trade -- principally the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) -- escalated during the 1990s. In the wake of the paramilitary demobilization in the 2000s, new criminal groups arose that included some former paramilitaries. After four years of formal peace negotiations, the Colombian Government signed a final accord with the FARC in 2016 that called for its members to demobilize, disarm, and reincorporate into society and politics. The accord also committed the Colombian Government to create three new institutions to form a 'comprehensive system for truth, justice, reparation, and non-repetition,' including a truth commission, a special unit to coordinate the search for those who disappeared during the conflict, and a 'Special Jurisdiction for Peace' to administer justice for conflict-related crimes. Despite decades of internal conflict and drug-trade-related security challenges, Colombia maintains relatively strong and independent democratic institutions characterized by peaceful, transparent elections and the protection of civil liberties.

Geography

Location:2

Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Panama and Venezuela, and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Ecuador and Panama

Geographic coordinates:3

4 00 N, 72 00 W

Map references:4

South America

Area:5

Surface area: 1,140,619.1 square kilometers (2024)

total:1,138,910 sq km
land:1,038,700 sq km
water:100,210 sq km
note:includes Isla de Malpelo, Roncador Cay, and Serrana Bank

Area - comparative:7

slightly less than twice the size of Texas

Land boundaries:8

total:6,672 km
border countries (5):Brazil 1,790 km; Ecuador 708 km; Panama 339 km; Peru 1,494 km; Venezuela 2,341 km

Coastline:9

3,208 km (Caribbean Sea 1,760 km, North Pacific Ocean 1,448 km)

Maritime claims:10

territorial sea:12 nm
exclusive economic zone:200 nm
continental shelf:200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Climate:11

tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands

Terrain:12

flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains, eastern lowland plains (Llanos)

Elevation:13

highest point:Pico Cristobal Colon 5,730 m
lowest point:Pacific Ocean 0 m
mean elevation:593 m

Natural resources:14

petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds, hydropower

Land use:15

agricultural land:36.5% (2023 est.)
arable land:2.3% (2023 est.)
permanent crops:2.2% (2023 est.)
permanent pasture:32% (2023 est.)
forest:53.8% (2023 est.)
other:9.7% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land:16

6,506 sq km (2013)

Major rivers (by length in km):17

Rio Negro river source (shared with Venezuela and Brazil [m]) - 2,250 km; Orinoco (shared with Venezuela [s]) - 2,101 km

note:[s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth

Major watersheds (area sq km):18

Atlantic Ocean drainage:Amazon (6,145,186 sq km), Orinoco (953,675 sq km)

Major aquifers:19

Amazon Basin

Population distribution:20

the majority of people live in the north and west, where agricultural opportunities and natural resources are found; the vast grasslands of the llanos to the south and east, which make up approximately 60% of the country, are sparsely populated

Natural hazards:21

highlands subject to volcanic eruptions; occasional earthquakes; periodic droughts

volcanism:Galeras (4,276 m) is one of Colombia's most active volcanoes; it has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; Nevado del Ruiz (5,321 m), 129 km (80 mi) west of Bogota, erupted in 1985, producing lahars (mudflows) that killed 23,000 people; the volcano last erupted in 1991; after 500 years of dormancy, Nevado del Huila reawakened in 2007 and has experienced frequent eruptions since then; other historically active volcanoes include Cumbal, Dona Juana, Nevado del Tolima, and Purace

Geography - note:22

only South American country with coastlines on both the North Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea

People and Society

Population:23

Population: 53,425,635 people (2025)

total:49,588,357 (2024 est.)
male:24,206,371
female:25,381,986

Nationality:25

noun:Colombian(s)
adjective:Colombian

Ethnic groups:26

Mestizo and White 87.6%, Afro-Colombian (includes Mulatto, Raizal, and Palenquero) 6.8%, Indigenous 4.3%, unspecified 1.4% (2018 est.)

Languages:27

Spanish (official) 98.9%, indigenous 1%, Portuguese 0.1%; 65 indigenous languages exist (2023 est.)

major-language sample(s)
major-language sample(s):La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
major-language sample(s):The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Religions:28

Roman Catholic 63.6%, Protestant 17.2% (Evangelical 16.7%, Adventist 0.3%, other Protestant 0.2%), Jehovah's Witness 0.6%, Church of Jesus Christ 0.1%, other 0.3%, believer, 0.2%. agnostic 1%, atheist 1%, none 14.2%, unspecified 1.8% (2023 est.)

Age structure:29

0-14 years:22.3% (male 5,643,995/female 5,394,147)
15-64 years:66.5% (male 16,127,377/female 16,859,161)
65 years and over:11.2% (2024 est.) (male 2,434,999/female 3,128,678)

Dependency ratios:30

total dependency ratio:50.3 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio:33.5 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio:16.9 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio:5.9 (2024 est.)

Median age:31

total:32.7 years (2024 est.)
male:31.5 years
female:34 years

Population growth rate:32

Population growth rate: 1.01 % annually (2025)

0.48% (2024 est.)

Birth rate:34

Crude birth rate: 13.25 births per 1,000 people (2024)

14.9 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Death rate:36

Crude death rate: 5.47 deaths per 1,000 people (2024)

8 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Net migration rate:38

-2.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Population distribution:39

the majority of people live in the north and west, where agricultural opportunities and natural resources are found; the vast grasslands of the llanos to the south and east, which make up approximately 60% of the country, are sparsely populated

Urbanization:40

Urban population: 78.78 % of population (2025)

urban population:82.4% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization:1.01% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population:42

11.508 million BOGOTA (capital), 4.102 million Medellin, 2.864 million Cali, 2.349 million Barranquilla, 1.381 million Bucaramanga, 1.088 million Cartagena (2023)

Sex ratio:43

at birth:1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years:1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years:0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over:0.78 male(s)/female
total population:0.95 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth:44

21.7 years (2015 est.)

note:data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49

Maternal mortality ratio:45

Maternal mortality ratio: 59 deaths per 100,000 live births (2023)

59 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate:47

Infant mortality rate: 10.5 deaths per 1,000 live births (2024)

total:11.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
male:13.1 deaths/1,000 live births
female:10.2 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth:49

Life expectancy at birth: 77.91 years (2024)

total population:74.9 years (2024 est.)
male:71.3 years
female:78.7 years

Total fertility rate:51

Total fertility rate: 1.63 births per woman (2024)

1.94 children born/woman (2024 est.)

Gross reproduction rate:53

0.95 (2024 est.)

Drinking water source:54

At least basic drinking water services: 97.1 % of population (2024)

improved
urban:99.9% of population (2022 est.)
rural:86.7% of population (2022 est.)
total:97.5% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved
urban:0.1% of population (2022 est.)
rural:13.3% of population (2022 est.)
total:2.5% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure:56

Current health expenditure: 8.14 % of GDP (2024)

Health expenditure (as % of GDP):9% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget):15.7% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density:58

Physicians: 2.54 per 1,000 people (2023)

2.54 physicians/1,000 population (2023)

Hospital bed density:60

1.7 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.)

Sanitation facility access:61

At least basic sanitation services: 96.58 % of population (2024)

improved
urban:98.9% of population (2022 est.)
rural:88.2% of population (2022 est.)
total:97% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved
urban:1.1% of population (2022 est.)
rural:11.8% of population (2022 est.)
total:3% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate:63

22.3% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita:64

total:4.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer:3.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine:0.06 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits:0.92 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols:0.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use:65

total:7.6% (2025 est.)
male:11.2% (2025 est.)
female:4.1% (2025 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight:66

3.7% (2016 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49):67

55.3% (2023 est.)

Child marriage:68

women married by age 15:4.9% (2015)
women married by age 18:23.4% (2015)
men married by age 18:6.7% (2015)

Education expenditure:69

Government education expenditure: 5.26 % of GDP (2020)

5.3% of GDP (2020 est.)

Literacy:71

Adult literacy rate: 95.34 % of people aged 15 and over (2024)

total population:95.3% (2024 est.)
male:95% (2024 est.)
female:95.7% (2024 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):73

total:14 years (2022 est.)
male:14 years (2022 est.)
female:15 years (2022 est.)

Environment

Environmental issues:74

deforestation from timber exploitation in the Amazon and the Chocó region; soil erosion; soil and water pollution from overuse of pesticides; air pollution, especially in Bogota, from vehicle emissions

International environmental agreements:75

party to:Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified:Law of the Sea

Climate:76

tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands

Land use:77

agricultural land:36.5% (2023 est.)
arable land:2.3% (2023 est.)
permanent crops:2.2% (2023 est.)
permanent pasture:32% (2023 est.)
forest:53.8% (2023 est.)
other:9.7% (2023 est.)

Urbanization:78

urban population:82.4% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization:1.01% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions:79

total emissions:85.878 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from coal and metallurgical coke:15.463 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids:49.727 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from consumed natural gas:20.688 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions:80

13.1 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Methane emissions:81

energy:814.5 kt (2022-2024 est.)
agriculture:1,791.5 kt (2019-2021 est.)
waste:600.8 kt (2019-2021 est.)
other:18.9 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Waste and recycling:82

municipal solid waste generated annually:12.15 million tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled:28.5% (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal:83

municipal:3.405 billion cubic meters (2022)
industrial:1.033 billion cubic meters (2022)
agricultural:20.46 billion cubic meters (2022)

Total renewable water resources:84

2.36 trillion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Government

Country name:85

conventional long form:Republic of Colombia
conventional short form:Colombia
local long form:República de Colombia
local short form:Colombia
etymology:named after explorer Christopher COLUMBUS

Government type:86

presidential republic

Capital:87

name:Bogotá
geographic coordinates:4 36 N, 74 05 W
time difference:UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology:originally named Santa Fe de Bacatá in 1538, after the Chibcha people's nearby settlement of Bacatá; the name was later corrupted to Bogotá

Administrative divisions:88

32 departments ( departamentos , singular - departamento ) and 1 capital district* ( distrito capital ); Amazonas, Antioquia, Arauca, Atlántico, Bogota*, Bolivar, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Casanare, Cauca, Cesar, Choco, Cordoba, Cundinamarca, Guainía, Guaviare, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Archipiélago de San Andres, Providencia y Santa Catalina (colloquially San Andres y Providencia), Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle del Cauca, Vaupes, Vichada

Legal system:89

civil law system influenced by the Spanish and French civil codes

Constitution:90

history:several previous; latest promulgated 4 July 1991
amendment process:proposed by the government, by Congress, by a constituent assembly, or by public petition; passage requires a majority vote by Congress in each of two consecutive sessions; passage of amendments to constitutional articles on citizen rights, guarantees, and duties also require approval in a referendum by over one half of voters and participation of over one fourth of citizens registered to vote

International law organization participation:91

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship:92

citizenship by birth:no
citizenship by descent only:least one parent must be a citizen or permanent resident of Colombia
dual citizenship recognized:yes
residency requirement for naturalization:5 years

Suffrage:93

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch:94

chief of state:President Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (since 7 August 2022)
head of government:President Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (since 7 August 2022)
cabinet:Cabinet appointed by the president
election/appointment process:president directly elected by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a single 4-year term
most recent election date:29 May 2022, with a runoff held on 19 June 2022
election results
election results:2022: Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (PHxC) 40.3%, Rodolfo HERNÁNDEZ Suárez (LIGA) 28.2%, Federico GUTIÉRREZ Zuluaga (Team for Colombia / CREEMOS) 23.9%, other 7.6%; percent of vote in second round - Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego 50.4%, Rodolfo HERNÁNDEZ Suarez 47.3%, blank 2.3%
election results:2018: Iván DUQUE Márquez elected president in second round; percent of vote - Iván DUQUE Márquez (CD) 54%, Gustavo Francisco PETRO Urrego (Humane Colombia) 41.8%, other/blank/invalid 4.2%
expected date of next election:31 May 2026
note 1:the president is both chief of state and head of government
note 2:reforms in 2015 eliminated presidential reelection

Legislative branch:95

legislature name:Congress (Congreso)
legislative structure:bicameral

Legislative branch - lower chamber:96

chamber name:House of Representatives (Cámara de Representantes)
number of seats:187 (all directly elected)
electoral system:proportional representation
scope of elections:full renewal
term in office:4 years
most recent election date:3/13/2022
parties elected and seats per party:Liberal Party (PL) (32); Historic Pact (27); Conservative Party (CP) (25); Democratic Centre (CD) (16); Radical Change (CR) (16); Union Party for the People “Partido de la U” (15); Green Alliance - Hope Centre coalition (11); Other (14)
percentage of women in chamber:29.4%
expected date of next election:March 2026

Legislative branch - upper chamber:97

chamber name:Senate (Senado de la República)
number of seats:108 (all directly elected)
electoral system:proportional representation
scope of elections:full renewal
term in office:4 years
most recent election date:3/13/2022
parties elected and seats per party:Historic Pact (20); Conservative Party (CP) (15); Liberal Party (PL) (14); Green Alliance - Hope Centre coalition (13); Democratic Centre (CD) (13); Radical Change (CR) (11); Union Party for the People “Partido de la U” (10); Other (4)
percentage of women in chamber:31.4%
expected date of next election:March 2026

Judicial branch:98

highest court(s):Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (consists of the Civil-Agrarian and Labor Chambers each with 7 judges, and the Penal Chamber with 9 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 magistrates); Council of State (consists of 27 judges); Superior Judiciary Council (consists of 13 magistrates)
judge selection and term of office:Supreme Court judges appointed by the Supreme Court members from candidates submitted by the Superior Judiciary Council; judges elected for individual 8-year terms; Constitutional Court magistrates - nominated by the president, by the Supreme Court, and elected by the Senate; judges elected for individual 8-year terms; Council of State members appointed by the State Council plenary from lists nominated by the Superior Judiciary Council
subordinate courts:Superior Tribunals (appellate courts for each of the judicial districts); regional courts; civil municipal courts; Superior Military Tribunal; first instance administrative courts

Political parties:99

Alternative Democratic Pole or PDA

Citizens Option (Opcion Ciudadana) or OC (formerly known as the National Integration Party or PIN)

The Commons (formerly People's Alternative Revolutionary Force or FARC)

Conservative Party or PC

Democratic Center Party or CD

Fair and Free Colombia (Colombia Justa Libres)

Green Alliance

Historic Pact for Colombia or PHxC (coalition composed of several left-leaning political parties and social movements)

Humane Colombia

Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation or MIRA

League of Anti-Corruption Rulers or LIGA

Liberal Party or PL

People's Alternative Revolutionary Force or FARC

Radical Change or CR

Team for Colombia - also known as the Experience Coalition or Coalition of the Regions (coalition composed of center-right and right-wing parties)

Union Party for the People or U Party

We Believe Colombia or CREEMOS

note:Colombia has numerous smaller political parties and movements

Diplomatic representation in the US:100

chief of mission:Ambassador Daniel GARCÍA-PEÑA JARAMILLO (since 18 September 2024)
chancery:1724 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036
telephone:[1] (202) 387-8338
FAX:[1] (202) 232-8643
email address and website
email address and website:eestadosunidos@cancilleria.gov.co
email address and website:https://www.colombiaemb.org/
consulate(s) general:Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Newark (NJ), Orlando, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico)

Diplomatic representation from the US:101

chief of mission:Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires John McNAMARA (since 1 February 2025)
embassy:Carrera 45, No. 24B-27, Bogota
mailing address:3030 Bogota Place, Washington DC 20521-3030
telephone:[57] (601) 275-2000
FAX:[57] (601) 275-4600
email address and website
email address and website:ACSBogota@state.gov
email address and website:https://co.usembassy.gov/

International organization participation:102

ACS, BCIE, BIS, CABEI, CAN, Caricom (observer), CD, CDB, CELAC, EITI (candidate country), FAO, G-3, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, Pacific Alliance, PCA, PROSUR, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Independence:103

20 July 1810 (from Spain)

National holiday:104

Independence Day, 20 July (1810)

Flag:105

description:three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double-width), blue, and red
meaning:various interpretations of the colors exist; one has yellow for the gold in Colombia's land, blue for the sea, and red for the blood spilled in attaining freedom; another describes them as representing sovereignty and justice (yellow), loyalty and vigilance (blue), and valor and generosity (red); another has the colors standing for liberty, equality, and fraternity
note:similar to the flag of Ecuador, which is wider and has the Ecuadorian coat of arms in the center

National symbol(s):106

Andean condor

National color(s):107

yellow, blue, red

National anthem(s):108

title:"Himno Nacional de la Republica de Colombia" (National Anthem of the Republic of Colombia)
lyrics/music:Rafael NUNEZ/Oreste SINDICI
history:adopted 1920; the anthem comes from an inspirational poem written by President Rafael NUNEZ; the anthem always starts with the chorus

National heritage:109

total World Heritage Sites:9 (6 cultural, 2 natural, 1 mixed)
selected World Heritage Site locales:Chiribiquete National Park (m); Coffee Cultural Landscape of Colombia (c); Historic Center of Santa Cruz de Mompox (c); Los Katíos National Park (n); Malpelo Fauna and Flora Sanctuary (n); Tierradentro National Archeological Park (c); San Agustín Archaeological Park (c); Colonial Cartagena (c); Qhapaq Ñan/Andean Road System (c)

Economy

Economic overview:110

prior to COVID-19, one of the most consistent growth economies; declining poverty; large stimulus package has mitigated economic fallout, but delayed key infrastructure investments; successful inflation management; sound flexible exchange rate regime; domestic economy suffers from lack of trade integration and infrastructure

Real GDP (purchasing power parity):111

$978.592 billion (2024 est.)

$961.82 billion (2023 est.)

$955.016 billion (2022 est.)

note:data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP growth rate:112

1.7% (2024 est.)

0.7% (2023 est.)

7.3% (2022 est.)

note:annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP per capita:113

$18,500 (2024 est.)

$18,400 (2023 est.)

$18,500 (2022 est.)

note:data in 2021 dollars

GDP (official exchange rate):114

GDP: 457,410,034,202.52 current US dollars (2025)

$418.542 billion (2024 est.)

note:data in current dollars at official exchange rate

Inflation rate (consumer prices):116

6.6% (2024 est.)

11.7% (2023 est.)

10.2% (2022 est.)

note:annual % change based on consumer prices

GDP - composition, by sector of origin:117

agriculture:9.3% (2024 est.)
industry:23.1% (2024 est.)
services:58.2% (2024 est.)
note:figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

GDP - composition, by end use:118

household consumption:73.1% (2024 est.)
government consumption:14.7% (2024 est.)
investment in fixed capital:16.5% (2024 est.)
investment in inventories:0.6% (2024 est.)
exports of goods and services:16% (2024 est.)
imports of goods and services:-20.9% (2024 est.)
note:figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

Agricultural products:119

sugarcane, oil palm fruit, milk, rice, plantains, potatoes, bananas, maize, chicken, avocados (2023)

note:top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Industries:120

textiles, food processing, oil, clothing and footwear, beverages, chemicals, cement; gold, coal, emeralds

Industrial production growth rate:121

-1.3% (2024 est.)

note:annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Labor force:122

26.822 million (2024 est.)

note:number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Unemployment rate:123

9.7% (2024 est.)

9.6% (2023 est.)

10.6% (2022 est.)

note:% of labor force seeking employment

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24):124

total:19.8% (2024 est.)
male:16.5% (2024 est.)
female:24.3% (2024 est.)
note:% of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Population below poverty line:125

33% (2023 est.)

note:% of population with income below national poverty line

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income:126

53.9 (2023 est.)

note:index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

Average household expenditures:127

on food:20.6% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
on alcohol and tobacco:3.6% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share:128

lowest 10%:1.1% (2023 est.)
highest 10%:42.7% (2023 est.)
note:% share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

Remittances:129

2.8% of GDP (2024 est.)

2.8% of GDP (2023 est.)

2.7% of GDP (2022 est.)

note:personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Budget:130

revenues:$116.49 billion (2023 est.)
expenditures:$123.966 billion (2023 est.)
note:central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Public debt:131

71.3% of GDP (2023 est.)

note:central government debt as a % of GDP

Taxes and other revenues:132

17.6% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

note:central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Current account balance:133

-$7.412 billion (2024 est.)

-$8.285 billion (2023 est.)

-$20.879 billion (2022 est.)

note:balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Exports:134

$68.866 billion (2024 est.)

$68.674 billion (2023 est.)

$73.514 billion (2022 est.)

note:balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

Exports - partners:135

USA 27%, Panama 9%, India 5%, China 5%, Netherlands 4% (2023)

note:top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Exports - commodities:136

crude petroleum, coal, gold, coffee, refined petroleum (2023)

note:top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports:137

$78.633 billion (2024 est.)

$76.449 billion (2023 est.)

$89.608 billion (2022 est.)

note:balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

Imports - partners:138

USA 26%, China 22%, Brazil 6%, Mexico 5%, Germany 4% (2023)

note:top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Imports - commodities:139

refined petroleum, cars, broadcasting equipment, aircraft, packaged medicine (2023)

note:top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:140

$61.898 billion (2024 est.)

$59.041 billion (2023 est.)

$56.704 billion (2022 est.)

note:holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Debt - external:141

$108.027 billion (2023 est.)

note:present value of external debt in current US dollars

Exchange rates:142

Currency:Colombian pesos (COP) per US dollar -

4,074.434 (2024 est.)

4,325.955 (2023 est.)

4,256.194 (2022 est.)

3,744.244 (2021 est.)

3,693.276 (2020 est.)

Energy

Electricity access:143

electrification - total population:100% (2022 est.)

Electricity:144

installed generating capacity:21.053 million kW (2023 est.)
consumption:82.309 billion kWh (2023 est.)
exports:1.293 billion kWh (2023 est.)
imports:407.788 million kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses:7.232 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources:145

fossil fuels:34% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
solar:1.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
wind:0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
hydroelectricity:62.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
biomass and waste:2.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Coal:146

production:52.376 million metric tons (2023 est.)
consumption:9.72 million metric tons (2023 est.)
exports:46.425 million metric tons (2023 est.)
imports:1,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
proven reserves:4.554 billion metric tons (2023 est.)

Petroleum:147

total petroleum production:800,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
refined petroleum consumption:374,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
crude oil estimated reserves:2.036 billion barrels (2021 est.)

Natural gas:148

production:10.927 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
consumption:11.885 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
imports:958.724 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
proven reserves:87.782 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Energy consumption per capita:149

Total energy consumption per capita 2023:29.305 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Communications

Telephones - fixed lines:150

total subscriptions:7.277 million (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:14 (2023 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular:151

total subscriptions:87.4 million (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:156 (2022 est.)

Broadcast media:152

combination of state-owned and privately owned broadcast media provide service; more than 500 radio stations and many national, regional, and local TV stations (2019)

Internet country code:153

.co

Internet users:154

percent of population:77% (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions:155

total:8.91 million (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:17 (2023 est.)

Transportation

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix:156

HJ, HK

Airports:157

661 (2025)

Heliports:158

57 (2025)

Railways:159

total:2,141 km (2019)
standard gauge:150 km (2019) 1.435-m gauge
narrow gauge:1,991 km (2019) 0.914-m gauge

Merchant marine:160

total:153 (2023)
by type:general cargo 28, oil tanker 13, other 112

Ports:161

total ports:14 (2024)
large:0
medium:2
small:8
very small:3
size unknown:1
ports with oil terminals:10
key ports:Barranquilla, Buenaventura, Cartagena, Covenas, El Bosque, Mamonal, Pozos Colorados, Puerto Bolivar, Puerto Prodeco, Santa Marta

Military and Security

Military and security forces:162

Military Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Militares de Colombia ) : National Army (Ejercito Nacional), Colombian Aerospace Force (Fuerza Aeroespacial Colombiana, FAC), Colombian Navy (Armada de Colombia; includes Coast Guard); National Police of Colombia (Policia Nacional de Colombia, PNC) (2025)

note:the PNC is a civilian force under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense

Military expenditures:163

3.4% of GDP (2024 est.)

3% of GDP (2023 est.)

3% of GDP (2022 est.)

3.2% of GDP (2021 est.)

3.4% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military and security service personnel strengths:164

information varies; approximately 260,000 active Military Forces; approximately 150,000 National Police (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions:165

the military's inventory includes a wide mix of equipment from a variety of suppliers, including Canada, Germany, Israel, South Korea, and especially the US; Colombia's defense industry is active in producing air, land, and naval platforms (2024)

Military service age and obligation:166

18-24 years of age for compulsory (men) and voluntary (men and women) military (and police) service; conscript service obligation is 18 months or 12 months for those with a college degree; conscripted soldiers reportedly include regular soldiers (conscripts without a high school degree), drafted high school graduates (bachilleres), and rural (campesino) soldiers who serve in their home regions (2024)

note:the Colombian military first incorporated women in 1976 in administrative positions; women were incorporated as non-commissioned officers in 1983 and officers in 2009; as of 2023, about 6,000 women served in the uniformed military while more than 30,000 served in the National Police

Military deployments:167

275 Egypt (MFO) (2025)

Military - note:168

the Colombian military is responsible for defending and maintaining the country’s independence, national sovereignty, and territorial integrity but also has a considerable internal security role, which includes protecting the civilian population, as well as private and state-owned assets, and ensuring a secure environment; the military’s primary focus is the conduct of counterinsurgency and counter-narcotics operations against domestic illegal armed groups, including drug traffickers, several factions of the former Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) terrorist group, and the insurgent/terrorist group National Liberation Army (ELN)

border security is also a focus, particularly with Venezuela where economic and political instability has brought refugees and attracted narcotics trafficking and other cross-border crime; both the ELN and FARC dissidents operate openly in the border region; ELN and FARC insurgents have also used neighboring Ecuador to rest, resupply, and shelter

Colombia has close security ties with the US, including joint training, military assistance, and designation in 2022 as a Major Non-NATO Ally, which provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense, trade, and security cooperation; it also has close security ties with regional neighbors, such as Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Peru; Colombian military and security forces have training programs with their counterparts from a variety of countries, mostly those from Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean (2025)

Space

Space agency/agencies:169

Colombian Space Commission (Comision Colombiana Del Espacio, CCE; established 2006) (2025)

note 1:the Colombian military has an Air and Space Operations Command
note 2:the Colombian Space Agency (Agencia Espacial Del Colombia, AEC) is a private, non-profit agency established in 2017

Space program overview:170

has a small program focused on acquiring satellites, particularly remote sensing (RS) satellites; operates satellites and produces nanosatellites; researches other space technologies, including astronautics, satellite navigation, and telecommunications; works with a variety of foreign space agencies or commercial space industries, including those of Denmark, India, Russia, Sweden, the US, and some members of the Latin American and Caribbean Space Agency (2025)

Key space-program milestones:171

2007 - first domestically produced technology-demonstration/remote-sensing (RS) nanosatellite (Libertad I) launched by Russia

2014 - second experimental RS nanosatellite (UAPSAT) launched by US

2018 - first RS satellite (FACSAT-1) for military use purchased from Denmark and launched by India

2022 - signed US-led Artemis Accords for space exploration

2023 - second RS satellite (FACSAT-2 or Chibiriquete) launched by US

Terrorism

Terrorist group(s):172

National Liberation Army (ELN); Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - People's Army (FARC-EP); Segunda Marquetalia (SM); Tren de Aragua (TdA)

note:details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

Transnational Issues

Refugees and internally displaced persons:173

refugees:30,611 (2024 est.)
IDPs:7,264,767 (2024 est.)
stateless persons:5 (2024 est.)

Illicit drugs:174

USG identification
USG identification:major illicit drug-producing and/or drug-transit country
USG identification:major precursor-chemical producer (2025)

Additional observations

Real GDP growth175
2.64 % annual change (2025)
Consumer price inflation176
5.14 % annual change (2025)
Unemployment (modeled ILO estimate)177
8.29 % of labor force (2025)
Access to electricity178
98.9 % of population (2024)
Renewable energy share of total final energy consumption179
29.7 % (2021)
Individuals using the internet180
79.35 % of population (2024)

Historical observations

Notes & sources

  1. Background. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  2. Location. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  3. Geographic coordinates. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  4. Map references. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  5. Area. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. The archived total area has no reference year and territorial coverage may differ from World Bank surface area. World Bank: 1,140,619.1 square kilometers (2024). Reference: 1,138,910 square kilometers. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  6. Surface area. Surface area: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. The archived total area has no reference year and territorial coverage may differ from World Bank surface area. World Bank: 1,140,619.1 square kilometers (2024). Reference: 1,138,910 square kilometers. ↩
  7. Area - comparative. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  8. Land boundaries. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  9. Coastline. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  10. Maritime claims. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  11. Climate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  12. Terrain. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  13. Elevation. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  14. Natural resources. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  15. Land use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  16. Irrigated land. Reference edition; observation: 2013. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  17. Major rivers (by length in km). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  18. Major watersheds (area sq km). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  19. Major aquifers. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  20. Population distribution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  21. Natural hazards. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  22. Geography - note. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  23. Population. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 53,425,635 people (2025). Reference: 49,588,357 people (2024). Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  24. Population. Population: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 53,425,635 people (2025). Reference: 49,588,357 people (2024). ↩
  25. Nationality. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  26. Ethnic groups. Reference edition; observation: 2018 est.. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  27. Languages. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  28. Religions. Reference edition; observation: 2023 est.. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  29. Age structure. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  30. Dependency ratios. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  31. Median age. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  32. Population growth rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  33. Population growth rate. Population growth rate: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  34. Birth rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  35. Crude birth rate. Crude birth rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  36. Death rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  37. Crude death rate. Crude death rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  38. Net migration rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  39. Population distribution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  40. Urbanization. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  41. Urban population. Urban population: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  42. Major urban areas - population. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  43. Sex ratio. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  44. Mother's mean age at first birth. Reference edition; observation: 2015. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  45. Maternal mortality ratio. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  46. Maternal mortality ratio. Maternal mortality ratio: observation 2023; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  47. Infant mortality rate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  48. Infant mortality rate. Infant mortality rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  49. Life expectancy at birth. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  50. Life expectancy at birth. Life expectancy at birth: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  51. Total fertility rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  52. Total fertility rate. Total fertility rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  53. Gross reproduction rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  54. Drinking water source. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  55. At least basic drinking water services. At least basic drinking water services: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. This separately sourced basic-service observation is shown alongside the reference edition’s improved/unimproved categories. It does not replace those category totals. ↩
  56. Health expenditure. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  57. Current health expenditure. Current health expenditure: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  58. Physician density. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  59. Physicians. Physicians: observation 2023; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  60. Hospital bed density. Reference edition; observation: 2020. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  61. Sanitation facility access. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  62. At least basic sanitation services. At least basic sanitation services: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. This separately sourced basic-service observation is shown alongside the reference edition’s improved/unimproved categories. It does not replace those category totals. ↩
  63. Obesity - adult prevalence rate. Reference edition; observation: 2016. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  64. Alcohol consumption per capita. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  65. Tobacco use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  66. Children under the age of 5 years underweight. Reference edition; observation: 2016. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  67. Currently married women (ages 15-49). Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  68. Child marriage. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  69. Education expenditure. Reference edition; observation: 2020. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  70. Government education expenditure. Government education expenditure: observation 2020; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  71. Literacy. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  72. Adult literacy rate. Adult literacy rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  73. School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  74. Environmental issues. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  75. International environmental agreements. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  76. Climate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  77. Land use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  78. Urbanization. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  79. Carbon dioxide emissions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  80. Particulate matter emissions. Reference edition; observation: 2019. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  81. Methane emissions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  82. Waste and recycling. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  83. Total water withdrawal. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  84. Total renewable water resources. Reference edition; observation: 2022. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  85. Country name. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  86. Government type. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  87. Capital. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  88. Administrative divisions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  89. Legal system. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  90. Constitution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  91. International law organization participation. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  92. Citizenship. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  93. Suffrage. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  94. Executive branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  95. Legislative branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  96. Legislative branch - lower chamber. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  97. Legislative branch - upper chamber. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  98. Judicial branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  99. Political parties. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  100. Diplomatic representation in the US. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  101. Diplomatic representation from the US. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  102. International organization participation. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  103. Independence. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  104. National holiday. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  105. Flag. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  106. National symbol(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  107. National color(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  108. National anthem(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  109. National heritage. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  110. Economic overview. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  111. Real GDP (purchasing power parity). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  112. Real GDP growth rate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  113. Real GDP per capita. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  114. GDP (official exchange rate). Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 457,410,034,202.52 current US dollars (2025). Reference: 418,542,000,000 current US dollars (2024). Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  115. GDP. GDP: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 457,410,034,202.52 current US dollars (2025). Reference: 418,542,000,000 current US dollars (2024). ↩
  116. Inflation rate (consumer prices). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  117. GDP - composition, by sector of origin. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  118. GDP - composition, by end use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  119. Agricultural products. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  120. Industries. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  121. Industrial production growth rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  122. Labor force. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  123. Unemployment rate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  124. Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  125. Population below poverty line. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  126. Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  127. Average household expenditures. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  128. Household income or consumption by percentage share. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  129. Remittances. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  130. Budget. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  131. Public debt. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  132. Taxes and other revenues. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  133. Current account balance. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  134. Exports. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  135. Exports - partners. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  136. Exports - commodities. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  137. Imports. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  138. Imports - partners. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  139. Imports - commodities. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  140. Reserves of foreign exchange and gold. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  141. Debt - external. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  142. Exchange rates. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  143. Electricity access. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  144. Electricity. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  145. Electricity generation sources. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  146. Coal. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  147. Petroleum. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  148. Natural gas. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  149. Energy consumption per capita. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  150. Telephones - fixed lines. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  151. Telephones - mobile cellular. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  152. Broadcast media. Reference edition; observation: 2019. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  153. Internet country code. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  154. Internet users. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  155. Broadband - fixed subscriptions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  156. Civil aircraft registration country code prefix. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  157. Airports. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  158. Heliports. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  159. Railways. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  160. Merchant marine. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  161. Ports. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  162. Military and security forces. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  163. Military expenditures. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  164. Military and security service personnel strengths. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  165. Military equipment inventories and acquisitions. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  166. Military service age and obligation. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  167. Military deployments. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  168. Military - note. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  169. Space agency/agencies. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  170. Space program overview. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  171. Key space-program milestones. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  172. Terrorist group(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  173. Refugees and internally displaced persons. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  174. Illicit drugs. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 06:55:27 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  175. Real GDP growth. Real GDP growth: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?format=json ↩
  176. Consumer price inflation. Consumer price inflation: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG?format=json ↩
  177. Unemployment (modeled ILO estimate). Unemployment (modeled ILO estimate): observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. The ILO modeled estimate is not necessarily directly comparable with national unemployment measures. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json ↩
  178. Access to electricity. Access to electricity: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS?format=json ↩
  179. Renewable energy share of total final energy consumption. Renewable energy share of total final energy consumption: observation 2021; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewable energy in total final energy consumption. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS?format=json ↩
  180. Individuals using the internet. Individuals using the internet: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS?format=json ↩
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Countries & territories

Same-year values. Equal values share a rank.

Sources & method

Ranks cover available countries and territories, using the same indicator, source unit and reference year. Unrounded source values determine ties. Coverage is not a sovereign-country or complete global ranking; national definitions may differ. Missing values and other years are excluded. The information icon preserves the original number, unit and evidence.

RankCountry or territoryValue
Source information