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Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha flag
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2021 Factbook flag mirror; image identity has not been individually audited. Source.

Last updated: October 29, 2026

Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha: CIA World Factbook map from 2021; original boundary notes preserved.
ⓘCIA World Factbook map, February 2021 media edition. Identity reviewed; current boundaries have not been audited. visual contact sheet or original identity check; does not verify current boundaries Boundaries, place names and designations may be dated or disputed; original annotations retained. SHA-256: 668c1e44f238033add20ef6dddbe64a3d4d1d81a78fd80eba39b0031f37b0d83. Provenance and inspection record.

Introduction

Background:1

Saint Helena is a British Overseas Territory off the coast of Africa in the South Atlantic Ocean, and it consists of Saint Helena, Ascension Island, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha.

Saint Helena:The island was uninhabited when the Portuguese first discovered it in 1502, and the British garrisoned troops on Saint Helena during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. During the Anglo-Boer War in South Africa, several thousand Boer prisoners were confined on the island between 1900 and 1903.

Saint Helena is one of the most remote populated places in the world. The British Government committed to building an airport on Saint Helena in 2005. After more than a decade of delays and construction, a commercial air service to South Africa via Namibia was inaugurated in 2017. The weekly service to Saint Helena from Johannesburg via Windhoek in Namibia takes just over six hours (including the refueling stop in Windhoek) and replaces the mail ship that had made a five-day journey to the island every three weeks.

Ascension Island:This barren and uninhabited island was discovered and named by the Portuguese in 1503. The British garrisoned the island in 1815 to prevent a rescue of NAPOLEON from Saint Helena. It served as a provisioning station for the Royal Navy's West Africa Squadron on anti-slavery patrol. The island remained under Admiralty control until 1922, when it became a dependency of Saint Helena. During World War II, the UK permitted the US to construct an airfield on Ascension in support of transatlantic flights to Africa and anti-submarine operations in the South Atlantic. In the 1960s, the island became an important space tracking station for the US. In 1982, Ascension was an essential staging area for British forces during the Falklands War. It remains a critical refueling point in the air-bridge from the UK to the South Atlantic.

The island hosts one of four dedicated ground antennas that assist in the operation of the Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation system -- the others are on Diego Garcia (British Indian Ocean Territory), Kwajalein (Marshall Islands), and at Cape Canaveral, Florida (US). NASA and the US Air Force also operate a Meter-Class Autonomous Telescope (MCAT) on Ascension as part of the deep space surveillance system for tracking orbital debris, which can be a hazard to spacecraft and astronauts.

Tristan da Cunha:The island group consists of Tristan da Cunha, Nightingale, Inaccessible, and Gough Islands. Tristan da Cunha, named after its Portuguese discoverer (1506), was garrisoned by the British in 1816 to prevent any attempt to rescue NAPOLEON from Saint Helena. Gough and Inaccessible Islands have been designated World Heritage Sites. South Africa leases a site for a meteorological station on Gough Island.

Geography

Location:2

islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa; Ascension Island lies 1,300 km (800 mi) northwest of Saint Helena; Tristan da Cunha lies 4,300 km (2,700 mi) southwest of Saint Helena

Geographic coordinates:3

Saint Helena:15 57 S, 5 42 W Ascension Island: 7 57 S, 14 22 W
Tristan da Cunha island group:37 15 S, 12 30 W

Map references:4

Africa

Area:5

total:394 sq km
land:122 sq km Saint Helena Island
water:0 sq km

88 sq km Ascension Island, 184 sq km Tristan da Cunha island group (includes Tristan (98 sq km), Inaccessible, Nightingale, and Gough islands)

Area - comparative:6

slightly more than twice the size of Washington, D.C.

Land boundaries:7

total:0 km

Coastline:8

Saint Helena:60 km
Ascension Island:NA
Tristan da Cunha (island only):34 km

Maritime claims:9

territorial sea:12 nm
exclusive fishing zone:200 nm

Climate:10

Saint Helena:tropical marine; mild, tempered by trade winds
Ascension Island:tropical marine; mild, semi-arid
Tristan da Cunha:temperate marine; mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)

Terrain:11

the islands of this group are of volcanic origin associated with the Atlantic Mid-Ocean Ridge

Saint Helena:rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains
Ascension:surface covered by lava flows and cinder cones of 44 dormant volcanoes; terrain rises to the east
Tristan da Cunha:sheer cliffs line the coastline of the nearly circular island; the flanks of the central volcanic peak are deeply dissected; narrow coastal plain lies between The Peak and the coastal cliffs

Elevation:12

highest point:Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m; Green Mountain on Ascension Island 859 m; Diana's Peak on Saint Helena Island 818 m
lowest point:Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Natural resources:13

fish, lobster

Land use:14

agricultural land:30.8% (2022 est.)
arable land:10.3% (2022 est.)
permanent crops:0% (2022 est.)
permanent pasture:20.5% (2022 est.)
forest:5.1% (2022 est.)
other:64.1% (2022 est.)

Irrigated land:15

0 sq km (2022)

Population distribution:16

Saint Helena:population is concentrated in and around the capital of Jamestown in the northwest, with another significant cluster in the interior Longwood area
Ascension:most of the population lives in and around Georgetown
Tristan da Cunha:most of the nearly 300 inhabitants live in the northern coastal town of Edinburgh of the Seven Seas

Natural hazards:17

active volcanism

volcanism:the volcanoes of Tristan da Cunha (2,060 m) and Nightingale Island (365 m) are active

Geography - note:18

Saint Helena harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown elsewhere in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns; Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha is the highest island mountain in the South Atlantic and a prominent landmark on the sea lanes around southern Africa

People and Society

Population:19

total:7,943 (2024 est.)
male:3,978
female:3,965

Nationality:20

noun:Saint Helenian(s)
adjective:Saint Helenian
note:referred to locally as "Saints"

Ethnic groups:21

St. Helena 82.1%, UK 7.6%, South Africa 3.6%, Ascension 2.8%, other 3.9% (2021 est.)

note:data represent population of Saint Helena by country of birth

Languages:22

English

Religions:23

Anglican 63.2%, unspecified 11.4%, no religion 9%, Jehovah's Witness 3.8%, Baptist 2.3%, Salvation Army 2%, Roman Catholic 2.2%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.9%, New Apostolic 1.6%, other Christian 1.4%, other 1.1% (2021 est.)

note:data represent Saint Helena only

Age structure:24

0-14 years:14.3% (male 579/female 556)
15-64 years:66.5% (male 2,626/female 2,655)
65 years and over:19.2% (2024 est.) (male 773/female 754)

Dependency ratios:25

total dependency ratio:50.4 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio:21.5 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio:28.9 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio:3.5 (2024 est.)

Median age:26

total:45.1 years (2024 est.)
male:44.8 years
female:45.4 years

Population growth rate:27

0.1% (2024 est.)

Birth rate:28

9.3 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Death rate:29

8.3 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Net migration rate:30

0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Population distribution:31

Saint Helena:population is concentrated in and around the capital of Jamestown in the northwest, with another significant cluster in the interior Longwood area
Ascension:most of the population lives in and around Georgetown
Tristan da Cunha:most of the nearly 300 inhabitants live in the northern coastal town of Edinburgh of the Seven Seas

Urbanization:32

urban population:40.7% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization:0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population:33

1,000 JAMESTOWN (capital) (2018)

Sex ratio:34

at birth:1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years:1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years:0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over:1.03 male(s)/female
total population:1 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Infant mortality rate:35

total:18.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
male:21.7 deaths/1,000 live births
female:14.2 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth:36

total population:80.9 years (2024 est.)
male:78.1 years
female:83.9 years

Total fertility rate:37

1.61 children born/woman (2024 est.)

Gross reproduction rate:38

0.78 (2024 est.)

Drinking water source:39

improved
total:99.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved
total:0.9% of population (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access:40

improved
total:100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved
total:0% of population (2022 est.)

Environment

Environmental issues:41

development threatens wildlife on Saint Helena

Climate:42

Saint Helena:tropical marine; mild, tempered by trade winds
Ascension Island:tropical marine; mild, semi-arid
Tristan da Cunha:temperate marine; mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)

Land use:43

agricultural land:30.8% (2022 est.)
arable land:10.3% (2022 est.)
permanent crops:0% (2022 est.)
permanent pasture:20.5% (2022 est.)
forest:5.1% (2022 est.)
other:64.1% (2022 est.)

Urbanization:44

urban population:40.7% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization:0.98% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions:45

total emissions:12,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids:12,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Government

Country name:46

conventional long form:Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha
conventional short form:none
etymology:on the feast day of Saint Helena in 1502, Spanish navigator Joao da NOVA (sailing for Portugal) sighted and named the island that now bears the saint's name; da NOVA originally named Ascension "Conception Island" in honor of the Virgin Mary, but Portuguese navigator Afonso de ALBUQUERQUE later found the island on the feast day of the Ascension in 1508 and renamed it; Portuguese explorer Tristao da CUNHA sighted the third island in 1506 and named it after himself (the name was later anglicized)

Government type:47

parliamentary democracy

Dependency status:48

overseas territory of the UK

Capital:49

name:Jamestown
geographic coordinates:15 56 S, 5 43 W
time difference:UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology:founded in 1659 and named after James, Duke of York, who would become King JAMES II of England

Administrative divisions:50

3 administrative areas; Ascension, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha

Legal system:51

English common law and local statutes

Constitution:52

history:several previous; latest effective 1 September 2009 (St. Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha Constitution Order 2009)

Citizenship:53

see United Kingdom

Suffrage:54

18 years of age

Executive branch:55

chief of state:King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022)
head of government:Governor Nigel PHILLIPS (since 13 August 2022)
cabinet:Executive Council consists of the governor, 3 ex-officio officers, and 5 elected members of the Legislative Council
election/appointment process:none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
note:the constitution order provides for an administrator for Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, appointed by the governor

Legislative branch:56

note:the Constitution Order provides for separate Island Councils for both Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

Judicial branch:57

highest court(s):Court of Appeal (consists of the court president and 2 justices); Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and judges)
judge selection and term of office:Court of Appeal and Supreme Court justices appointed by the governor acting upon the instructions from a secretary of state acting on behalf of the British monarch; justices of both courts serve until retirement at age 70, but terms can be extended
subordinate courts:Magistrates' Court; Small Claims Court; Juvenile Court
note:appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are heard by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)

Political parties:58

none

Diplomatic representation in the US:59

none (overseas territory of the UK)

Diplomatic representation from the US:60

embassy:none (overseas territory of the UK)

International organization participation:61

UPU

Independence:62

none (overseas territory of the UK)

National holiday:63

Official birthday of King Charles III, celebrated in April or June as designated by the governor (1948)

Flag:64

description:blue with the UK flag in the upper-left quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the right half of the flag; the upper third of the shield depicts a white plover on a yellow field; under the bird is a rocky coastline and a three-masted sailing ship with sails furled and flying an English flag
history:the flag has been in use since 1984, when it was commissioned to mark the 150th anniversary of Saint Helena becoming a Crown Colony
note:the French flag flies at Longwood House (Napoleon's former residence) and Napoleon's (now-empty) tomb on the island, because the French Government has owned the properties since 1858

National symbol(s):65

Saint Helena plover (wire bird)

National coat of arms:66

the coat of arms of Saint Helena was officially granted on January 30, 1984; the national bird, the Saint Helena plover ( Charadrius sanctaehelenae ), is at the top of the shield; the lower part of the shield shows a three-masted sailing ship with the mountainous island to the left; below the shield is a scroll with the motto “Loyal and unshakable;” the crest shows an image of Saint Helena, holding a cross and a flower

National anthem(s):67

title:“My St. Helena Island”
lyrics/music:Dave MITCHELL
history:in use since 1975
title:"God Save the King"
lyrics/music:unknown
history:official anthem, as a UK overseas territory

Economy

Economic overview:68

upper middle-income, British Atlantic Ocean territorial economy; native (but pegged to British pound) currency user on 2 of 3 islands; significant UK financial support; unique land/farming commune structure; military-related economic activity; sport fishing locale

Agricultural products:69

coffee, corn, potatoes, vegetables; fish, lobster; livestock; timber

Industries:70

construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing, collectible postage stamps

Exports - partners:71

Singapore 33%, USA 16%, Japan 10%, Turkey 10%, Senegal 8% (2023)

note:top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Exports - commodities:72

fish, shellfish, natural gas, trucks, construction vehicles (2023)

note:top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports - partners:73

UK 34%, Greece 26%, Spain 16%, South Africa 15%, Namibia 2% (2023)

note:top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Imports - commodities:74

refined petroleum, baked goods, plastic products, vehicle parts/accessories, air pumps (2023)

note:top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Exchange rates:75

Currency:Saint Helena pounds (SHP) per US dollar -

0.805 (2023 est.)

0.811 (2022 est.)

0.727 (2021 est.)

0.78 (2020 est.)

0.783 (2019 est.)

Energy

Electricity access:76

electrification - total population:100% (2021)

Electricity:77

installed generating capacity:5,000 kW (2023 est.)
consumption:6.962 million kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses:1.5 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources:78

fossil fuels:100% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Coal:79

imports:70 metric tons (2022 est.)

Petroleum:80

refined petroleum consumption:85 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Communications

Telephones - fixed lines:81

total subscriptions:4,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:74 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular:82

total subscriptions:4,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:74 (2021 est.)

Broadcast media:83

Saint Helena : no local TV station; 2 local radio stations, one of which is relayed to Ascension Island; satellite TV stations rebroadcast terrestrially

Ascension Island : no local TV station; 1 local radio station and receives relays of broadcasts from radio station on Saint Helena; broadcasts from the British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) available, as well as US military TV

Tristan da Cunha : 1 local radio station and receives BFBS TV and radio broadcasts

Internet country code:84

.sh

note:Ascension Island assigned .ac

Internet users:85

percent of population:37.6% (2021 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions:86

total:1,000 (2018 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:17 (2020 est.)

Transportation

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix:87

VQ-H

Airports:88

2 (2025)

Heliports:89

2 (2025)

Ports:90

total ports:4 (2024)
large:1
medium:1
small:1
very small:1
ports with oil terminals:2
key ports:Edinburgh of the Seven Seas, Georgetown, Jamestown, North Point

Transportation - note:91

the new airport on Saint Helena opened for limited operations in 2016, and the first commercial flight took place in 2017; the military airport on Ascension Island is closed to civilian traffic; there is no air connection to Tristan da Cunha and very limited sea connections

Military and Security

Military - note:92

defense is the responsibility of the UK

Historical observations

Notes & sources

  1. Background. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  2. Location. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  3. Geographic coordinates. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  4. Map references. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  5. Area. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  6. Area - comparative. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  7. Land boundaries. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  8. Coastline. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  9. Maritime claims. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  10. Climate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  11. Terrain. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  12. Elevation. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  13. Natural resources. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  14. Land use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  15. Irrigated land. Reference edition; observation: 2022. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  16. Population distribution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  17. Natural hazards. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  18. Geography - note. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  19. Population. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  20. Nationality. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  21. Ethnic groups. Reference edition; observation: 2021 est.. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  22. Languages. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  23. Religions. Reference edition; observation: 2021 est.. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  24. Age structure. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  25. Dependency ratios. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  26. Median age. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  27. Population growth rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  28. Birth rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  29. Death rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  30. Net migration rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  31. Population distribution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  32. Urbanization. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  33. Major urban areas - population. Reference edition; observation: 2018. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  34. Sex ratio. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  35. Infant mortality rate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  36. Life expectancy at birth. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  37. Total fertility rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  38. Gross reproduction rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  39. Drinking water source. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  40. Sanitation facility access. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  41. Environmental issues. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  42. Climate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  43. Land use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  44. Urbanization. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  45. Carbon dioxide emissions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  46. Country name. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  47. Government type. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  48. Dependency status. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  49. Capital. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  50. Administrative divisions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  51. Legal system. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  52. Constitution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  53. Citizenship. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  54. Suffrage. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  55. Executive branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  56. Legislative branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  57. Judicial branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  58. Political parties. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  59. Diplomatic representation in the US. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  60. Diplomatic representation from the US. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  61. International organization participation. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  62. Independence. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  63. National holiday. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  64. Flag. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  65. National symbol(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  66. National coat of arms. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  67. National anthem(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  68. Economic overview. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  69. Agricultural products. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  70. Industries. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  71. Exports - partners. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  72. Exports - commodities. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  73. Imports - partners. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  74. Imports - commodities. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  75. Exchange rates. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  76. Electricity access. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  77. Electricity. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  78. Electricity generation sources. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  79. Coal. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  80. Petroleum. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  81. Telephones - fixed lines. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  82. Telephones - mobile cellular. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  83. Broadcast media. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  84. Internet country code. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  85. Internet users. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  86. Broadband - fixed subscriptions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  87. Civil aircraft registration country code prefix. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  88. Airports. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  89. Heliports. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  90. Ports. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  91. Transportation - note. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  92. Military - note. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-09-26 06:29:59 -0400 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
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Countries & territories

Same-year values. Equal values share a rank.

Sources & method

Ranks cover available countries and territories, using the same indicator, source unit and reference year. Unrounded source values determine ties. Coverage is not a sovereign-country or complete global ranking; national definitions may differ. Missing values and other years are excluded. The information icon preserves the original number, unit and evidence.

RankCountry or territoryValue
Source information