WTHE WORLD
FACTBOOK
← Country index

Europe & Central Asia / BLR

Belarus

Belarus flag
ⓘ

2021 Factbook flag mirror; image identity has not been individually audited. Source.

Last updated: October 29, 2026

World Bank directory: capital Minsk · 53.9678°, 27.5766° · sourceRetrieved 2026-10-29 · single source, unverified; directory metadata may be stale.
Belarus: CIA World Factbook map from 2021; original boundary notes preserved.
ⓘCIA World Factbook map, February 2021 media edition. Identity reviewed; current boundaries have not been audited. visual contact sheet or original identity check; does not verify current boundaries Boundaries, place names and designations may be dated or disputed; original annotations retained. SHA-256: 8c893c6836142a49a33c162080e5a8720f7e2b4b7a3fae240f3759b05fd70290. Provenance and inspection record.

Introduction

Background:1

After seven decades as a constituent republic of the USSR, Belarus attained its independence in 1991. It has retained closer political and economic ties to Russia than any of the other former Soviet republics. In 1999, Belarus and Russia signed a treaty on a two-state union, envisioning greater political and economic integration. Although Belarus agreed to a framework to carry out the accord, serious implementation has yet to take place and negotiations on further integration have been contentious. Since taking office in 1994 as the country's first and only directly elected president, Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA has steadily consolidated his power through authoritarian means and a centralized economic system. Government restrictions on political and civil freedoms, freedom of speech and the press, peaceful assembly, and religion have remained in place. Restrictions on political freedoms have tightened in the wake of the disputed presidential election in 2020. The election results sparked large-scale protests as members of the opposition and civil society criticized the election’s validity. LUKASHENKA has remained in power as the disputed winner of the presidential election after quelling protests in 2020. Since 2022, Belarus has facilitated Russia's war in Ukraine, which was launched in part from Belarusian territory.

Geography

Location:2

Eastern Europe, east of Poland

Geographic coordinates:3

53 00 N, 28 00 E

Map references:4

Europe

Area:5

Surface area: 207,629 square kilometers (2024)

total:207,600 sq km
land:202,900 sq km
water:4,700 sq km

Area - comparative:7

slightly less than twice the size of Kentucky; slightly smaller than Kansas

Land boundaries:8

total:3,599 km
border countries (5):Latvia 161 km; Lithuania 640 km; Poland 375 km; Russia 1,312 km; Ukraine 1,111 km

Coastline:9

0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims:10

none (landlocked)

Climate:11

cold winters, cool and moist summers; transitional between continental and maritime

Terrain:12

generally flat with much marshland

Elevation:13

highest point:Dzyarzhynskaya Hara 346 m
lowest point:Nyoman River 90 m
mean elevation:160 m

Natural resources:14

timber, peat deposits, small quantities of oil and natural gas, granite, dolomitic limestone, marl, chalk, sand, gravel, clay

Land use:15

agricultural land:39.6% (2023 est.)
arable land:27.4% (2023 est.)
permanent crops:0.4% (2023 est.)
permanent pasture:11.7% (2023 est.)
forest:44% (2023 est.)
other:16.5% (2023 est.)

Irrigated land:16

260 sq km (2022)

Major rivers (by length in km):17

Dnyapro (Dnieper) (shared with Russia [s] and Ukraine [m]) - 2,287 km

note:[s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth

Major watersheds (area sq km):18

Atlantic Ocean drainage:(Black Sea) Dnieper (533,966 sq km)

Population distribution:19

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Natural hazards:20

large tracts of marshy land

Geography - note:21

landlocked; glacial scouring accounts for the flatness of Belarusian terrain and for its 11,000 lakes

People and Society

Population:22

Population: 9,085,991 people (2025)

total:9,501,451 (2024 est.)
male:4,433,839
female:5,067,612

Nationality:24

noun:Belarusian(s)
adjective:Belarusian

Ethnic groups:25

Belarusian 83.7%, Russian 8.3%, Polish 3.1%, Ukrainian 1.7%, other 2.4%, unspecified 0.9% (2009 est.)

Languages:26

Russian (official) 71.4%, Belarusian (official) 26%, other 0.3% (includes small Polish- and Ukrainian-speaking minorities), unspecified 2.3% (2019 est.)

major-language sample(s)
major-language sample(s):Книга фактов о мире – незаменимый источник базовой информации. (Russian)
major-language sample(s):The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Religions:27

Orthodox 48.3%, Catholic 7.1%, other 3.5%, non-believers 41.1% (2011 est.)

Age structure:28

0-14 years:16.1% (male 787,849/female 741,293)
15-64 years:66.1% (male 3,073,507/female 3,204,088)
65 years and over:17.8% (2024 est.) (male 572,483/female 1,122,231)

Dependency ratios:29

total dependency ratio:51.4 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio:24.4 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio:27 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio:3.7 (2024 est.)

Median age:30

total:42.1 years (2024 est.)
male:39.5 years
female:45 years

Population growth rate:31

Population growth rate: -0.51 % annually (2025)

-0.42% (2024 est.)

Birth rate:33

Crude birth rate: 7.03 births per 1,000 people (2024)

8.3 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Death rate:35

Crude death rate: 13.14 deaths per 1,000 people (2024)

13.3 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Net migration rate:37

0.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Population distribution:38

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Urbanization:39

Urban population: 79.49 % of population (2025)

urban population:80.7% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization:0.28% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population:41

2.057 million MINSK (capital) (2023)

Sex ratio:42

at birth:1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years:1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years:0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over:0.51 male(s)/female
total population:0.88 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth:43

26.8 years (2019 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio:44

Maternal mortality ratio: 1 deaths per 100,000 live births (2023)

1 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Infant mortality rate:46

Infant mortality rate: 1.8 deaths per 1,000 live births (2024)

total:2.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
male:2.5 deaths/1,000 live births
female:1.7 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth:48

Life expectancy at birth: 74.37 years (2024)

total population:74.7 years (2024 est.)
male:69.8 years
female:80 years

Total fertility rate:50

Total fertility rate: 1.22 births per woman (2024)

1.45 children born/woman (2024 est.)

Gross reproduction rate:52

0.7 (2024 est.)

Drinking water source:53

At least basic drinking water services: 99.89 % of population (2024)

improved
urban:99.5% of population (2022 est.)
rural:98.1% of population (2022 est.)
total:99.2% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved
urban:0.5% of population (2022 est.)
rural:1.9% of population (2022 est.)
total:0.8% of population (2022 est.)

Health expenditure:55

Current health expenditure: 7.08 % of GDP (2023)

Health expenditure (as % of GDP):6.6% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget):12.3% of national budget (2022 est.)

Physician density:57

Physicians: 4.72 per 1,000 people (2023)

4.72 physicians/1,000 population (2023)

Hospital bed density:59

9.7 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)

Sanitation facility access:60

At least basic sanitation services: 99.75 % of population (2024)

improved
urban:99.9% of population (2022 est.)
rural:98.3% of population (2022 est.)
total:99.6% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved
urban:0.1% of population (2022 est.)
rural:1.7% of population (2022 est.)
total:0.4% of population (2022 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate:62

24.5% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita:63

total:10.57 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer:2.26 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine:0.98 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits:4.67 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols:2.66 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use:64

total:26.4% (2025 est.)
male:44.5% (2025 est.)
female:11.6% (2025 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49):65

66.6% (2023 est.)

Child marriage:66

women married by age 15:0.1% (2019)
women married by age 18:4.7% (2019)
men married by age 18:1.6% (2019)

Education expenditure:67

Government education expenditure: 5.05 % of GDP (2024)

Education expenditure (% GDP):5% of GDP (2023 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget):13.2% national budget (2024 est.)

Literacy:69

total population:99.9% (2019 est.)
male:99.9% (2019 est.)
female:99.9% (2019 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):70

total:14 years (2023 est.)
male:14 years (2023 est.)
female:15 years (2023 est.)

Environment

Environmental issues:71

soil pollution from pesticide use; southern part of the country contaminated with fallout from 1986 nuclear reactor accident at Chornobyl' in northern Ukraine

International environmental agreements:72

party to:Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified:none of the selected agreements

Climate:73

cold winters, cool and moist summers; transitional between continental and maritime

Land use:74

agricultural land:39.6% (2023 est.)
arable land:27.4% (2023 est.)
permanent crops:0.4% (2023 est.)
permanent pasture:11.7% (2023 est.)
forest:44% (2023 est.)
other:16.5% (2023 est.)

Urbanization:75

urban population:80.7% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization:0.28% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions:76

total emissions:46.709 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from coal and metallurgical coke:1.497 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids:15.884 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from consumed natural gas:29.328 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions:77

13.4 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Waste and recycling:78

municipal solid waste generated annually:4.28 million tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled:19% (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal:79

municipal:600 million cubic meters (2022)
industrial:430 million cubic meters (2022)
agricultural:385 million cubic meters (2022)

Total renewable water resources:80

57.9 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Government

Country name:81

conventional long form:Republic of Belarus
conventional short form:Belarus
local long form:Respublika Byelarus' (Belarusian)/ Respublika Belarus' (Russian)
local short form:Byelarus' (Belarusian)/ Belarus' (Russian)
former:Belorussian (Byelorussian) Soviet Socialist Republic
etymology:the name is a compound of the Slavic words "bel" (white) and "Rus" (the Old East Slavic ethnic designation) to form the meaning White Rusian or White Ruthenian

Government type:82

presidential republic in name, although in fact a dictatorship

Capital:83

name:Minsk
geographic coordinates:53 54 N, 27 34 E
time difference:UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology:the origin of the name is disputed; it may be derived from the Menka River

Administrative divisions:84

6 regions ( voblastsi , singular - voblasts ') and 1 municipality* ( horad ); Brest, Homyel' (Gomel'), Horad Minsk* (Minsk City), Hrodna (Grodno), Mahilyow (Mogilev), Minsk, Vitsyebsk (Vitebsk)

note:administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers; Russian spelling provided for reference when different from Belarusian

Legal system:85

civil law system

note:nearly all major codes (civil, civil procedure, criminal, criminal procedure, family, and labor) were revised and came into force in 1999 and 2000

Constitution:86

history:several previous; latest drafted between late 1991 and early 1994, signed 15 March 1994
amendment process:proposed by the president of the republic through petition to the National Assembly or by petition of least 150,000 eligible voters; approval required by at least two-thirds majority vote in both chambers or by simple majority of votes cast in a referendum
note:one of several amendments passed in the February 2022 referendum -- the presidential 5-year, two-term limit -- will be imposed after the 2025 election

International law organization participation:87

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

Citizenship:88

citizenship by birth:no
citizenship by descent only:at least one parent must be a citizen of Belarus
dual citizenship recognized:no
residency requirement for naturalization:7 years

Suffrage:89

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch:90

chief of state:President Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (since 20 July 1994)
head of government:Prime Minister Alyaksandr TURCHYN (since 10 March 2025)
cabinet:Council of Ministers appointed by the president
election/appointment process:president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (no term limits); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president and approved by the National Assembly
most recent election date:first election held on 23 June and 10 July 1994; the 1994 constitution set the next election for 1999, but Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA extended his term to 2001 via a referendum; subsequent election held in 2001; a 2004 referendum ended presidential term limits and allowed LUKASHENKA to run and win a third term (19 March 2006), fourth term (19 December 2010), fifth term (11 October 2015), sixth term (9 August 2020), and seventh term (26 January 2025)
election results
election results:2025: Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA reelected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 86.8%, Sergey Syrankov (Communist Party) 3.2%, 3.6% voting against all
election results:2020: Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA reelected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 80.1%, Svyatlana TSIKHANOWSKAYA (independent) 10.1%, other 9.8%; note - widespread street protests erupted following announcement of the election results amid allegations of voter fraud
election results:2015: Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA elected president; percent of vote - Alyaksandr LUKASHENKA (independent) 84.1%, Tatsyana KARATKEVIC (BSDPH) 4.4%, Sergey GAYDUKEVICH (LDP) 3.3%, other 8.2%.
expected date of next election:2030

Legislative branch:91

legislature name:National Assembly (Natsionalnoye Sobranie)
legislative structure:bicameral

Legislative branch - lower chamber:92

chamber name:House of Representatives (Palata Predstaviteley)
number of seats:110 (all directly elected)
electoral system:plurality/majority
scope of elections:full renewal
term in office:5 years
most recent election date:2/25/2024
parties elected and seats per party:Belaya Rus party (51); Republican Party of Labour and Justice (8); Communist Party of Belarus (7); Non-partisans (40); Other (4)
percentage of women in chamber:33.9%
expected date of next election:February 2029

Legislative branch - upper chamber:93

chamber name:Council of the Republic (Soviet Respubliki)
number of seats:65 (56 indirectly elected; 8 appointed)
scope of elections:full renewal
term in office:5 years
most recent election date:4/4/2024
percentage of women in chamber:30.5%
expected date of next election:March 2029

Judicial branch:94

highest court(s):Supreme Court (consists of the chairman and deputy chairman and organized into several specialized panels, including economic and military; number of judges set by the president of the republic and the court chairman); Constitutional Court (consists of 12 judges, including a chairman and deputy chairman)
judge selection and term of office:Supreme Court judges appointed by the president with the consent of the Council of the Republic; judges initially appointed for 5 years and evaluated for life appointment; Constitutional Court judges - 6 appointed by the president and 6 elected by the Council of the Republic; the presiding judge directly elected by the president and approved by the Council of the Republic; judges can serve for 11 years with an age limit of 70
subordinate courts:oblast courts; Minsk City Court; town courts; Minsk city and oblast economic courts

Political parties:95

Belaya Rus or BR

Republican Party of Labour and Justice or RPTS

Communist Party of Belarus or CBP

Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus or LDPB

Diplomatic representation in the US:96

chief of mission:Ambassador (vacant; recalled by Belarus in 2008); Chargé d'Affaires Pavel SHIDLOWSKI (since 9 August 2022)
chancery:1619 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009
telephone:[1] (202) 986-1606
FAX:[1] (202) 986-1805
email address and website
email address and website:usa@mfa.gov.by
email address and website:Embassy of the Republic of Belarus in the United States of America (mfa.gov.by)

Diplomatic representation from the US:97

chief of mission:Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Michael KREIDLER (since July 2025)
embassy:46 Starovilenskaya Street, Minsk 220002
mailing address:7010 Minsk Place, Washington DC 20521-7010
telephone:[375] (17) 210-12-83
FAX:[375] (17) 334-78-53
email address and website
email address and website:ConsularMinsk@state.gov
email address and website:https://by.usembassy.gov/

International organization participation:98

BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CEI, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAEU, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, NSG, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SCO (dialogue member), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer), ZC

Independence:99

25 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union)

National holiday:100

Independence Day, 3 July (1944)

note:3 July 1944 was the date Minsk was liberated from German troops, 25 August 1991 was the date of independence from the Soviet Union

Flag:101

description:red horizontal band (top), with a green horizontal band below that is half the width of the red band; a white vertical stripe on the left side has traditional Belarusian designs in red
meaning:the red stands for past struggles to escape oppression, and the green for hope and the country's forests

National symbol(s):102

no official symbol; the mounted knight known as Pahonia (the Chaser) is the traditional symbol

National color(s):103

green, red, white

National anthem(s):104

title:"My, Bielarusy" (We Belarusians)
lyrics/music:Mikhas KLIMKOVICH and Uladzimir KARYZNA/Nester SAKALOUSKI
history:music adopted 1955, lyrics adopted 2002; after the fall of the Soviet Union, Belarus kept the music of its Soviet-era anthem but adopted new lyrics; also known as "Dziarzauny himn Respubliki Bielarus" (State Anthem of the Republic of Belarus)

National heritage:105

total World Heritage Sites:4 (3 cultural, 1 natural)
selected World Heritage Site locales:Białowieża Forest (n); Mir Castle Complex (c); Architectural, Residential, and Cultural Complex of the Radziwill Family at Nesvizh (c)

Economy

Economic overview:106

declining Russian energy subsidies will end in 2024; growing public debt; strong currency pressures have led to higher inflation; recent price controls on basic food and drugs; public sector wage increases and fragile private sector threaten household income gains and economic growth

Real GDP (purchasing power parity):107

$265.22 billion (2024 est.)

$254.995 billion (2023 est.)

$244.89 billion (2022 est.)

note:data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP growth rate:108

4% (2024 est.)

4.1% (2023 est.)

-4.7% (2022 est.)

note:annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP per capita:109

$29,000 (2024 est.)

$27,800 (2023 est.)

$26,500 (2022 est.)

note:data in 2021 dollars

GDP (official exchange rate):110

GDP: 93,397,215,864.2 current US dollars (2025)

$75.962 billion (2024 est.)

note:data in current dollars at official exchange rate

Inflation rate (consumer prices):112

5.8% (2024 est.)

5% (2023 est.)

15.2% (2022 est.)

note:annual % change based on consumer prices

GDP - composition, by sector of origin:113

agriculture:6.9% (2024 est.)
industry:30.7% (2024 est.)
services:49.7% (2024 est.)
note:figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

GDP - composition, by end use:114

household consumption:56.8% (2024 est.)
government consumption:19% (2024 est.)
investment in fixed capital:23.8% (2024 est.)
investment in inventories:2% (2024 est.)
exports of goods and services:65.1% (2024 est.)
imports of goods and services:-66.9% (2024 est.)
note:figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

Agricultural products:115

milk, sugar beets, potatoes, wheat, triticale, barley, maize, rapeseed, rye, chicken (2023)

note:top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Industries:116

metal-cutting machine tools, tractors, trucks, earthmovers, motorcycles, synthetic fibers, fertilizer, textiles, refrigerators, washing machines and other household appliances

Industrial production growth rate:117

6% (2024 est.)

note:annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Labor force:118

4.817 million (2024 est.)

note:number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Unemployment rate:119

3.4% (2024 est.)

3.5% (2023 est.)

3.6% (2022 est.)

note:% of labor force seeking employment

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24):120

total:10.1% (2024 est.)
male:11.7% (2024 est.)
female:8.4% (2024 est.)
note:% of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Population below poverty line:121

3.9% (2022 est.)

note:% of population with income below national poverty line

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income:122

24.4 (2020 est.)

note:index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

Average household expenditures:123

on food:29.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
on alcohol and tobacco:7.6% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share:124

lowest 10%:4.5% (2020 est.)
highest 10%:20.7% (2020 est.)
note:% share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

Remittances:125

1.8% of GDP (2024 est.)

1.7% of GDP (2023 est.)

2% of GDP (2022 est.)

note:personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Budget:126

revenues:$22.876 billion (2023 est.)
expenditures:$21.912 billion (2023 est.)
note:central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Public debt:127

33.2% of GDP (2019 est.)

note:central government debt as a % of GDP

Taxes and other revenues:128

12.7% (of GDP) (2023 est.)

note:central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Current account balance:129

-$1.925 billion (2024 est.)

-$1.104 billion (2023 est.)

$2.628 billion (2022 est.)

note:balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Exports:130

$49.386 billion (2024 est.)

$47.714 billion (2023 est.)

$47.124 billion (2022 est.)

note:balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

Exports - partners:131

China 34%, Kazakhstan 10%, Uzbekistan 7%, Poland 6%, Brazil 5% (2023)

note:top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Exports - commodities:132

fertilizers, rapeseed oil, wood, poultry, beef (2023)

note:top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Imports:133

$50.679 billion (2024 est.)

$47.459 billion (2023 est.)

$42.438 billion (2022 est.)

note:balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

Imports - partners:134

China 33%, Poland 16%, Germany 11%, Lithuania 10%, Turkey 9% (2023)

note:top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Imports - commodities:135

cars, broadcasting equipment, fabric, plastic products, video displays (2023)

note:top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:136

$8.912 billion (2024 est.)

$8.118 billion (2023 est.)

$7.923 billion (2022 est.)

note:holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Debt - external:137

$18.01 billion (2023 est.)

note:present value of external debt in current US dollars

Exchange rates:138

Currency:Belarusian rubles (BYB/BYR) per US dollar -

3.246 (2024 est.)

3.007 (2023 est.)

2.626 (2022 est.)

2.539 (2021 est.)

2.44 (2020 est.)

Energy

Electricity access:139

electrification - total population:100% (2022 est.)

Electricity:140

installed generating capacity:12.653 million kW (2023 est.)
consumption:39.883 billion kWh (2023 est.)
exports:4.553 billion kWh (2023 est.)
imports:4 billion kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses:3.149 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity generation sources:141

fossil fuels:70% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
nuclear:26.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
solar:0.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
wind:0.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
hydroelectricity:0.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
biomass and waste:1.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Nuclear energy:142

Number of operational nuclear reactors:2 (2025)
Net capacity of operational nuclear reactors:2.22GW (2025 est.)
Percent of total electricity production:28.6% (2023 est.)

Coal:143

consumption:710,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
exports:966,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
imports:1.635 million metric tons (2023 est.)

Petroleum:144

total petroleum production:30,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
refined petroleum consumption:125,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
crude oil estimated reserves:198 million barrels (2021 est.)

Natural gas:145

production:68.494 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
consumption:15.094 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
imports:15.433 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
proven reserves:2.832 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Energy consumption per capita:146

Total energy consumption per capita 2023:104.821 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Communications

Telephones - fixed lines:147

total subscriptions:4.173 million (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:46 (2023 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular:148

total subscriptions:11.8 million (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:123 (2022 est.)

Broadcast media:149

7 state-controlled national TV channels; Polish and Russian TV broadcasts are available in some areas; state-run Belarusian Radio operates 5 national networks and an external service; Russian and Polish radio broadcasts are available (2019)

Internet country code:150

.by

Internet users:151

percent of population:92% (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions:152

total:3.2 million (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:35 (2023 est.)

Transportation

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix:153

EW

Airports:154

46 (2025)

Heliports:155

4 (2025)

Railways:156

total:5,528 km (2014)
standard gauge:25 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge
broad gauge:5,503 km (2014) 1.520-m gauge (874 km electrified)

Merchant marine:157

total:4 (2023)
by type:other 4

Military and Security

Military and security forces:158

Belarus Armed Forces: Army, Air and Air Defense Force, Special Operations Force, Special Troops, Territorial Defense Forces

Ministry of Interior: State Border Troops, Militia, Internal Troops (2025)

note:in early 2023, President LUKASHENKA ordered the formation of a new volunteer paramilitary territorial defense force to supplement the Army

Military expenditures:159

2% of GDP (2024 est.)

1.8% of GDP (2023 est.)

1.7% of GDP (2022 est.)

1.4% of GDP (2021 est.)

1.5% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military and security service personnel strengths:160

approximately 50-60,000 active-duty military personnel (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions:161

the military's inventory is comprised mostly of Russian and Soviet-origin equipment; Belarus's defense industry manufactures some equipment (mostly modernized Soviet designs), including vehicles, guided weapons, and electronic warfare systems (2024)

Military service age and obligation:162

18-27 years of age for compulsory military or alternative service; conscript service obligation is 12-18 months, depending on academic qualifications, and 24-36 months for alternative service, also depending on academic qualifications; 17-year-olds are eligible to become cadets at military higher education institutes, where they are classified as military personnel (2023)

note:conscripts can be assigned to the military, to the Ministry of Interior, or to the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection (alternative service)

Military - note:163

the military of Belarus is responsible for territorial defense; Russia is the country’s closest security partner, and the military conducts joint training exercises with Russian forces; in 2022, Belarus allowed the Russian military to stage on its territory for their invasion of Ukraine; in 2023, Belarus agreed to permit Russia to deploy nuclear weapons on its soil

Belarus has been a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) since 1994 and has committed an airborne brigade to CSTO's rapid reaction force; the military trains regularly with other CSTO members (2025)

Transnational Issues

Refugees and internally displaced persons:164

refugees:44,621 (2024 est.)
stateless persons:5,620 (2024 est.)

Trafficking in persons:165

tier rating:Tier 3 — Belarus does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so, therefore, Belarus remained on Tier 3; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/belarus/

Additional observations

Real GDP growth166
1.3 % annual change (2025)
Consumer price inflation167
6.6 % annual change (2025)
Unemployment (modeled ILO estimate)168
3.38 % of labor force (2025)
Access to electricity169
100 % of population (2024)
Renewable energy share of total final energy consumption170
8.2 % (2021)
Individuals using the internet171
94.26 % of population (2024)
Adult literacy rate172
99.87 % of people aged 15 and over (2019)

Historical observations

Notes & sources

  1. Background. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  2. Location. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  3. Geographic coordinates. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  4. Map references. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  5. Area. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. The archived total area has no reference year and territorial coverage may differ from World Bank surface area. World Bank: 207,629 square kilometers (2024). Reference: 207,600 square kilometers. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  6. Surface area. Surface area: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. The archived total area has no reference year and territorial coverage may differ from World Bank surface area. World Bank: 207,629 square kilometers (2024). Reference: 207,600 square kilometers. ↩
  7. Area - comparative. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  8. Land boundaries. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  9. Coastline. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  10. Maritime claims. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  11. Climate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  12. Terrain. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  13. Elevation. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  14. Natural resources. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  15. Land use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  16. Irrigated land. Reference edition; observation: 2022. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  17. Major rivers (by length in km). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  18. Major watersheds (area sq km). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  19. Population distribution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  20. Natural hazards. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  21. Geography - note. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  22. Population. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 9,085,991 people (2025). Reference: 9,501,451 people (2024). Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  23. Population. Population: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 9,085,991 people (2025). Reference: 9,501,451 people (2024). ↩
  24. Nationality. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  25. Ethnic groups. Reference edition; observation: 2009 est.. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  26. Languages. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  27. Religions. Reference edition; observation: 2011 est.. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  28. Age structure. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  29. Dependency ratios. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  30. Median age. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  31. Population growth rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  32. Population growth rate. Population growth rate: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  33. Birth rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  34. Crude birth rate. Crude birth rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  35. Death rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  36. Crude death rate. Crude death rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  37. Net migration rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  38. Population distribution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  39. Urbanization. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  40. Urban population. Urban population: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  41. Major urban areas - population. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  42. Sex ratio. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  43. Mother's mean age at first birth. Reference edition; observation: 2019. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  44. Maternal mortality ratio. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  45. Maternal mortality ratio. Maternal mortality ratio: observation 2023; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  46. Infant mortality rate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  47. Infant mortality rate. Infant mortality rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  48. Life expectancy at birth. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  49. Life expectancy at birth. Life expectancy at birth: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  50. Total fertility rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  51. Total fertility rate. Total fertility rate: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  52. Gross reproduction rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  53. Drinking water source. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  54. At least basic drinking water services. At least basic drinking water services: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. This separately sourced basic-service observation is shown alongside the reference edition’s improved/unimproved categories. It does not replace those category totals. ↩
  55. Health expenditure. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  56. Current health expenditure. Current health expenditure: observation 2023; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  57. Physician density. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  58. Physicians. Physicians: observation 2023; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  59. Hospital bed density. Reference edition; observation: 2019. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  60. Sanitation facility access. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  61. At least basic sanitation services. At least basic sanitation services: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. This separately sourced basic-service observation is shown alongside the reference edition’s improved/unimproved categories. It does not replace those category totals. ↩
  62. Obesity - adult prevalence rate. Reference edition; observation: 2016. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  63. Alcohol consumption per capita. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  64. Tobacco use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  65. Currently married women (ages 15-49). Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  66. Child marriage. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  67. Education expenditure. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  68. Government education expenditure. Government education expenditure: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Latest available World Bank series in 2020–2026; reference year is not retrieval year. May be modeled or revised; differing definitions and geography require review. No independent crosscheck; do not silently replace archived Factbook. ↩
  69. Literacy. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  70. School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  71. Environmental issues. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  72. International environmental agreements. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  73. Climate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  74. Land use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  75. Urbanization. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  76. Carbon dioxide emissions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  77. Particulate matter emissions. Reference edition; observation: 2019. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  78. Waste and recycling. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  79. Total water withdrawal. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  80. Total renewable water resources. Reference edition; observation: 2022. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  81. Country name. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  82. Government type. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  83. Capital. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  84. Administrative divisions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  85. Legal system. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  86. Constitution. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  87. International law organization participation. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  88. Citizenship. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  89. Suffrage. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  90. Executive branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  91. Legislative branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  92. Legislative branch - lower chamber. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  93. Legislative branch - upper chamber. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  94. Judicial branch. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  95. Political parties. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  96. Diplomatic representation in the US. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  97. Diplomatic representation from the US. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  98. International organization participation. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  99. Independence. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  100. National holiday. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  101. Flag. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  102. National symbol(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  103. National color(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  104. National anthem(s). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  105. National heritage. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  106. Economic overview. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  107. Real GDP (purchasing power parity). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  108. Real GDP growth rate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  109. Real GDP per capita. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  110. GDP (official exchange rate). Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 93,397,215,864.2 current US dollars (2025). Reference: 75,962,000,000 current US dollars (2024). Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  111. GDP. GDP: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Different reference years; no numerical agreement is asserted. World Bank: 93,397,215,864.2 current US dollars (2025). Reference: 75,962,000,000 current US dollars (2024). ↩
  112. Inflation rate (consumer prices). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  113. GDP - composition, by sector of origin. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  114. GDP - composition, by end use. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  115. Agricultural products. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  116. Industries. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  117. Industrial production growth rate. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  118. Labor force. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  119. Unemployment rate. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  120. Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24). Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  121. Population below poverty line. Reference edition; observation: 2022. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  122. Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  123. Average household expenditures. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  124. Household income or consumption by percentage share. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  125. Remittances. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  126. Budget. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  127. Public debt. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  128. Taxes and other revenues. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  129. Current account balance. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  130. Exports. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  131. Exports - partners. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  132. Exports - commodities. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  133. Imports. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  134. Imports - partners. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  135. Imports - commodities. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  136. Reserves of foreign exchange and gold. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  137. Debt - external. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  138. Exchange rates. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  139. Electricity access. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  140. Electricity. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  141. Electricity generation sources. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  142. Nuclear energy. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  143. Coal. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  144. Petroleum. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  145. Natural gas. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  146. Energy consumption per capita. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  147. Telephones - fixed lines. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  148. Telephones - mobile cellular. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  149. Broadcast media. Reference edition; observation: 2019. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  150. Internet country code. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  151. Internet users. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  152. Broadband - fixed subscriptions. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  153. Civil aircraft registration country code prefix. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  154. Airports. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  155. Heliports. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  156. Railways. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  157. Merchant marine. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  158. Military and security forces. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  159. Military expenditures. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  160. Military and security service personnel strengths. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  161. Military equipment inventories and acquisitions. Reference edition; observation: 2024. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  162. Military service age and obligation. Reference edition; observation: 2023. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  163. Military - note. Reference edition; observation: 2025. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  164. Refugees and internally displaced persons. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  165. Trafficking in persons. Reference edition; observation: dates as stated in text. Field last updated: not supplied; profile fallback: 2025-12-05 16:38:35 -0500 (not a field revision date); needs review. Reference source. Edition last checked 2026-10-29 (retrieval only). ↩
  166. Real GDP growth. Real GDP growth: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG?format=json ↩
  167. Consumer price inflation. Consumer price inflation: observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG?format=json ↩
  168. Unemployment (modeled ILO estimate). Unemployment (modeled ILO estimate): observation 2025; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. The ILO modeled estimate is not necessarily directly comparable with national unemployment measures. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?format=json ↩
  169. Access to electricity. Access to electricity: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS?format=json ↩
  170. Renewable energy share of total final energy consumption. Renewable energy share of total final energy consumption: observation 2021; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Renewable energy consumption is the share of renewable energy in total final energy consumption. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS?format=json ↩
  171. Individuals using the internet. Individuals using the internet: observation 2024; checked 2026-10-29; single source. World Bank World Development Indicators. Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc. Source metadata: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS?format=json ↩
  172. Adult literacy rate. Adult literacy rate: observation 2019; checked 2026-10-29; primary source checked. World Bank World Development Indicators. Primary source checked 2026-10-29T19:35:30.117Z. provider release 2026-10-08. source organization Data API, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://databrowser.uis.unesco.org/resources, note: The data are obtained through the UIS API. Detailed documentation is available at: https://api.uis.unesco.org/api/public/documentation/, publisher: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), type: Excel (bulk file), date accessed: 2026-03-19, date published: 2026-02. definition Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above). Original provider-reported country/economy series; unchanged historical boundaries are not asserted. Checked original WDI publication and metadata, not independent corroboration. ↩
Source policy ↗Back to top ↑

Countries & territories

Same-year values. Equal values share a rank.

Sources & method

Ranks cover available countries and territories, using the same indicator, source unit and reference year. Unrounded source values determine ties. Coverage is not a sovereign-country or complete global ranking; national definitions may differ. Missing values and other years are excluded. The information icon preserves the original number, unit and evidence.

RankCountry or territoryValue
Source information